{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T08:55:27Z","timestamp":1782896127218,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe clinical use and outcomes of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) darolutamide, enzalutamide, and apalutamide in patients with non\u2010metastatic castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective, observational study examined health claims data from acute care hospitals (Medical Data Vision Co. Ltd. database) in Japan, for patients with nmCRPC initiating an ARSI between February 2020 and April 2023. Key outcomes were time to initial ARSI discontinuation and time to progression to metastatic castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 2746 eligible patients, 418 (15%) received darolutamide, 1898 (69%) enzalutamide, and 430 (16%) apalutamide. Median follow\u2010up was 18.1\u2009months for darolutamide, 20.9\u2009months for enzalutamide, and 24.6\u2009months for apalutamide. The proportion of patients initiating treatment at label dose was 78% (darolutamide), 58% (enzalutamide), and 62% (apalutamide). Median times (95% CI) to discontinuation (unadjusted Kaplan\u2013Meier [KM]) were 16.1\u2009months (13.3\u201321.0) for darolutamide, 12.3\u2009months (11.3\u201313.3) for enzalutamide, and 7.1\u2009months (5.3\u20139.7) for apalutamide. The KM\u2010estimated proportions of patients progressing to mCRPC by 24\u2009months (95% CI) were 27% (23\u201333) for darolutamide, 37% (34\u201339) for enzalutamide, and 40% (35\u201345) for apalutamide. The results were consistent across inverse probability of treatment weighting sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed that a higher proportion of patients receiving darolutamide were likely to stay on treatment longer than patients receiving enzalutamide or apalutamide, and progression to mCRPC appeared to be delayed in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T03:44:55Z","timestamp":1759549495000},"page":"1853-1861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors in Non\u2010Metastatic Castration\u2010Resistant Prostate Cancer in Japan: The\n                    <scp>ARASHI<\/scp>\n                    Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1448-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine  Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasreen","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Whippany New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer Yakuhin Ltd  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kana","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer Yakuhin Ltd  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Whippany New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedeh","family":"Ghadessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Whippany New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niculae","family":"Constantinovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer Consumer Care AG  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Whippany New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5838-114X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyoshi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Toho University Sakura Medical Center  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research.\u201cCancer statistics in Japan 2024 \u201d(2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.20.00358"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2014.55.3.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11091355"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-018-0349-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2018.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391-020-00310-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. 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