{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:54:01Z","timestamp":1787496841586,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To establish a reproducible male rat model exhibiting myogenic underactive bladder (UAB)\u2010like features by applying bladder cryoinjury following direct saline instillation via fine\u2010needle puncture, thereby providing a useful platform for studying UAB pathophysiology and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male Wistar rats underwent bladder cryoinjury using dry ice\u2010cooled aluminum rods placed on the bladder wall after filling the bladder with saline through a 30G needle. Sham\u2010operated rats received room\u2010temperature rod application. Two\u2009weeks post\u2010injury, continuous and single cystometry were performed to evaluate voiding pressure (VP), post\u2010void residual volume (PVR), and voiding efficiency (VE). Bladder strips were examined in organ bath studies for carbachol\u2010induced contractility. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted for histological evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cryoinjured rats showed a significant increase in PVR and significant decreases in VP and VE compared to sham rats, indicating impaired voiding function consistent with UAB. No significant differences were observed in intercontraction interval or carbachol\u2010 or KCl\u2010induced contractile responses in bladder strips between cryoinjured and sham rats. In bladder sections, cryoinjury induced acute inflammation with neutrophil infiltration and notable appearance of foamy macrophages, suggesting phagocytic activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We established a practical and minimally invasive male rat model exhibiting myogenic UAB\u2010like features 2\u2009weeks after cryoinjury. While ex\u00a0vivo cholinergic and KCl\u2010evoked contractility was largely preserved at this time point, in\u00a0vivo voiding remained impaired, suggesting contributions beyond muscle contractility. This model may facilitate mechanistic and therapeutic studies for UAB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T12:32:02Z","timestamp":1759840322000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Establishment of a Male Rat Model Exhibiting Myogenic Underactive Bladder\u2010Like Features Following Bladder Cryoinjury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mio","family":"Togo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Kochi Medical School, Kochi University  Nankoku Kochi Japan"},{"name":"Pelvic Floor Center Kochi Medical School, Kochi University  Nankoku Kochi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Kochi Medical School, 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