{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T15:04:31Z","timestamp":1782572671015,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the incidence and clinical predictors of gastrointestinal and hepatic adverse events following oral administration of 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5\u2010ALA) before transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Safety data were analyzed from 145 patients enrolled in the prospective, single\u2010arm, multicenter phase III SPP2C102 trial who received 5\u2010ALA 4\u20138\u2009h before TURBT. The incidence and severity of nausea, vomiting, and liver dysfunction, defined by elevations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and\/or gamma\u2010glutamyltransferase, were assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. Potential risk factors were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression; results are reported as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nausea\/vomiting occurred in 28\/145 patients (19.3%), all CTCAE grade 1\u20132. Female sex was independently associated (aOR 3.15, 95% CI 1.17\u20138.47), and diastolic blood pressure \u2265\u200980\u2009mmHg showed a borderline association (aOR 2.37, 95% CI 0.99\u20135.78). Prophylactic antiemetics yielded a numerically lower rate (21.1% vs. 9.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.25). Liver\u2010enzyme elevations similarly occurred in 28\/145 patients (19.3%), all CTCAE grade 1\u20132. Systolic blood pressure \u2265\u2009130\u2009mmHg remained independently associated (aOR 4.73, 95% CI 1.62\u201313.78), whereas associations for hypertensive comorbidity and BMI \u2265\u200925\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      in univariable analyses did not persist after adjustment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>5\u2010ALA\u2013related nausea, vomiting, and transient liver\u2010enzyme elevations were common but generally mild. Simple bedside variables\u2014particularly sex and blood pressure\u2014may guide selective antiemetic prophylaxis and closer biochemical monitoring in routine practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T06:25:03Z","timestamp":1766730303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predictive Factors for Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Adverse Events During 5\u2010Aminolevulinic Acid\u2013Guided Photodynamic Diagnosis in Bladder Cancer: Exploratory Analysis of the Phase\n                    <scp>III SPP2C102<\/scp>\n                    Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3243-499X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikiya","family":"Taoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kagawa University Hospital  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