{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:52:29Z","timestamp":1787014349940,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018036","name":"Nippon Shinyaku","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Urothelial carcinoma (UC), encompassing both bladder cancer and upper tract UC, is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy that has long complicated patient stratification and therapeutic prediction. Recent genomic and transcriptomic analyses, however, have delineated reproducible molecular subtypes across non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive and muscle\u2010invasive disease. These classification frameworks have refined biological understanding and improved both risk stratification and treatment selection. Emerging evidence also indicates that genomic alterations, such as\n                    <jats:italic>FGFR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations, may confer distinct immunologic phenotypes within specific transcriptomic contexts, thereby challenging prior assumptions. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has transformed UC management, yet variable response rates underscore the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Single\u2010cell and spatial analyses have identified immune\u2010inflamed, \u2010desert, and \u2010excluded TME subtypes, with cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts playing a key role in immune exclusion and therapeutic resistance. Liquid biopsy, particularly circulating tumor DNA, has demonstrated utility for real\u2010time disease monitoring, minimal residual disease detection, and treatment stratification, as highlighted in trials such as IMvigor010 and IMvigor011. Urinary extracellular vesicles also represent promising non\u2010invasive biomarkers, though further standardization is required. In addition, novel therapeutic strategies\u2014including antibody\u2010drug conjugates, gene therapies, and sustained\u2010release delivery systems\u2014are broadening treatment options across disease stages. Collectively, these translational advances mark a paradigm shift toward precision immuno\u2010oncology in UC. Nonetheless, successful clinical implementation will require prospective validation, optimized analytical platforms, and sustained physician\u2010scientist engagement to translate these discoveries into improved patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in UC translational research, with a focus on genomic and transcriptomic insights, the evolving role of immunotherapy, advances in liquid biopsy, and the development of novel therapeutics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T08:31:21Z","timestamp":1768379481000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Translational Advances in Urothelial Carcinoma: From Bench to Bedside"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2036-078X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Iwasawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1559-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Tsujino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3533-6781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigehiro","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7548-1580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Institute of Science Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0949-2572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eisuke","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Osaka  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2599-8183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Urabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Japanese Young Urologist Basic Research Collaboration","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","first-page":"350","article-title":"Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Epidemiology, High Risk Populations and Detection","volume":"68","author":"Redrow G. 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