{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T16:05:56Z","timestamp":1792944356811,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The etiology of IC\/BPS is multifactorial; thus, pathophysiology\u2010based phenotyping is needed for tailored treatments of IC\/BPS patients. In this regard, it is now generally agreed that, when focusing on inflammatory responses in the bladder mucosa, IC\/BPS is divided into two major phenotypes. One is \u201cinterstitial cystitis (IC),\u201d which is a chronic inflammatory disorder with Hunner lesions, and the other is \u201cbladder pain syndrome (BPS),\u201d in which inflammatory changes are minimal without Hunner lesions. However, as another important pathophysiological change in the IC\/BPS bladder, angiogenetic responses including overexpression of angiogenic growth factors, such as platelet\u2010derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD\u2010ECGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; PECAM\u20101), have been shown to correlate with symptom severity in Hunner\u2010type IC and non\u2010Hunner IC\/BPS patients. In addition, previous studies in IC\/BPS patients showed that glomerulations or mucosal bleeding during hydrodistension occur due to the rupture of bladder mucosal capillary vessels in association with PD\u2010ECGF and VEGF overexpression. Furthermore, upregulation of angiogenic factors and their signaling pathways has been detected in animal models of IC\/BPS induced by bladder inflammation or psychological stress. Thus, angiogenic factor overexpression and immature microvessel formation in the bladder mucosa could be another important diagnostic criterion in addition to the inflammatory status for further phenotyping of IC\/BPS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:20:51Z","timestamp":1781659251000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Angiogenesis, Angiogenic Factors, and Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome (\n                    <scp>IC<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>BPS<\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Furuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Tobisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taro","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuichi","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Shinshu University School of Medicine  Matsumoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ueda Clinic  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2142084.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.06.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14234"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65466-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000135009.55905.cb"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2009.08467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.13972"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143316"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21681805.2020.1730948"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12532"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.04.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2008.02179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35025220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00107.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80252-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231912044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.14585"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s44342-025-00038-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"963","article-title":"Expression of the Angiogenic Factors Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor, Acidic and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, Tumor Growth Factor beta\u20101, Platelet\u2010Derived Endothelial Cell Growth Factor, Placenta Growth Factor, and Pleiotrophin in Human Primary Breast cancer and Its Relation to Angiogenesis","volume":"57","author":"Relf M.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01764-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor\u2010Alpha Induces Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor\u2010C Expression in Rheumatoid Synoviocytes","volume":"34","author":"Cha H. 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