{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T07:57:05Z","timestamp":1790582225330,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated and compared the prognostic significance of three different computed tomography (CT)\u2010based radiological indices of sarcopenia\u2014skeletal muscle index (SMI), psoas muscle index (PMI), and three\u2010dimensional (3D) psoas muscle volume index (PVI)\u2014in patients with metastatic castration\u2010sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively reviewed 120 patients diagnosed with mCSPC (2003\u20132022). Baseline muscle parameters were calculated from diagnostic CT scans. Sarcopenia was defined using the Martin criteria for SMI, and optimal cut\u2010offs derived from maximally selected rank statistics for PMI (4.08\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and PVI (92\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Associations of these indices with age, overall survival (OS), and prostate cancer\u2010specific survival (PCSS) were evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Advancing age was significantly associated with SMI (OR: 1.05,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036) and PVI\u2010defined sarcopenia (OR: 1.09,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with a non\u2010significant trend for PMI (OR: 1.06,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.069). Survival analysis revealed that sarcopenia by all three indices was significantly associated with worse OS (SMI [HR: 1.88,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032], PMI [HR: 2.19,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016], and PVI [HR: 2.07,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013]). In multivariable analyzes, SMI (HR: 1.86,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.042), PMI (HR: 3.73,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and PVI (HR: 2.46,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006) remained independent risk factors for poorer OS. No significant impacts were observed for PCSS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When using body physique\u2010adjusted or mathematically optimized thresholds, all three easily and rapidly measurable radiological indices (SMI, PMI, and PVI) may serve as potential, independent prognostic indicators for OS in patients with mCSPC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.70627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T09:56:36Z","timestamp":1788170196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Prognostic Impact of Two\u2010Dimensional and Three\u2010Dimensional Computed Tomography\u2010Based Sarcopenia Indices in Metastatic Castration\u2010Sensitive Prostate Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0355-1005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Hori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3599-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Iwamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9449-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2503-8908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryunosuke","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2553-0497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiki","family":"Kamijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3543-1236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Komatsu Municipal Hospital  Komatsu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2554-7048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Makino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3936-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4136-8998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suguru","family":"Kadomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3188-8834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2118-9135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Shigehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science  Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9792-2068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Nohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology 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