{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:04:40Z","timestamp":1790431480508,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease","award":["5R01AI045062-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01AI045062-06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Human body and head lice are highly related haematophagous ectoparasites but only the body louse has been shown to transmit\n                    <jats:italic>Bartonella quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the causative agent of trench fever. The mechanisms by which body lice became a vector for\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , however, are poorly understood. Following oral challenge, green fluorescent protein\u2010expressing\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    proliferated over 9 days postchallenge with the number of bacteria being significantly higher in whole body vs. head lice. The numbers of\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    detected in faeces from infected lice, however, were approximately the same in both lice. Nevertheless, the viability of\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    was significantly higher in body louse faeces. Comparison of immune responses in alimentary tract tissues revealed that basal transcription levels of peptidoglycan recognition protein and defensins were lower in body lice and the transcription of\n                    <jats:italic>defensin 1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was up\u2010regulated by oral challenge with wild\u2010type\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    in head but not in body lice. In addition, the level of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species generated by epithelial cells was significantly lower in body lice. Although speculative at this time, the reduced immune response is consistent with the higher vector competence seen in body vs. head lice in terms of\n                    <jats:italic>B. quintana<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T07:08:12Z","timestamp":1484896092000},"page":"266-276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Comparison of the proliferation and excretion of\n                    <i>Bartonella quintana<\/i>\n                    between body and head lice following oral challenge"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"J. H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"Previte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology Program University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. S.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Sciences Program Southern Illinois University\u2010Edwardsville Edwardsville IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Murenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology Program University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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