{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:54:21Z","timestamp":1762080861560,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008688","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Annual Fund Allocation"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Annual Fund Allocation"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Mosquitoes constitute the major living beings causing human deaths in the world. They are vectors of malaria, yellow fever, dengue, zika, filariases, chikungunya, among other diseases. New strategies to control\/eradicate mosquito populations are based on newly developed genetic manipulation techniques. However, genetic transformation of mosquitoes is a major technical bottleneck due to low efficiency, the need of sophisticated equipment, and highly trained personnel. The present report shows the transgenerational genetic transformation of\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    , using the particle inflow gun (PIG), by integrating the\n                    <jats:italic>ecfp<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene in the AAEL000582 mosquito gene with the CRISPR\u2010Cas9 technique, achieving a mean efficiency of 44.5% of bombarded individuals (G0) that showed ECFP expression in their tissues, and a mean of 28.5% transformation efficiency measured on G1 individuals. The same transformation technique was used to integrate the\n                    <jats:italic>egfp\/scorpine<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes cloned in the\n                    <jats:italic>Minos<\/jats:italic>\n                    transposon pMinHygeGFP into the\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles albimanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    genome, achieving a mean efficiency of 43.25% of bombarded individuals (G0) that showed EGFP expression in their tissues. Once the technique was standardized, transformation of\n                    <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    neonate larvae and\n                    <jats:italic>An. albimanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    eggs was achieved when exposed to gold microparticle bombardment. Integration of genes and heterologous protein expression were confirmed by PCR, sequencing, fluorescent microscopy, mass spectrometry, Western blot and dot blot analyses. Transgenerational inheritance of the transgenes was observed only on\n                    <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                    , as all transformed\n                    <jats:italic>An. albimanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    individuals died at the pupal stage of the G0 generation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T03:06:21Z","timestamp":1601694381000},"page":"30-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genetic transformation of mosquitoes by microparticle bombardment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2538-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. N.","family":"Lule\u2010Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav\u2010IPN), Unidad Irapuato  Irapuato Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Carballar\u2010Lejaraz\u00fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav\u2010IPN), Unidad Irapuato  Irapuato Mexico"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica  Cuernavaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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