{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:35:19Z","timestamp":1784568919854,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012453","name":"China Agricultural Research System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Grapholita molesta<\/jats:italic>\n                    is one of the most damaging pests worldwide in stone and pome fruits. Application of chemical pesticides is still the main method to control this pest, which results in resistance to several types of insecticides. Carboxylesterase (CarE) is one of the important enzymes involved in the detoxification metabolism and tolerance of xenobiotics and insecticides. However, the roles of CarEs in insecticides susceptibility of\n                    <jats:italic>G. molesta<\/jats:italic>\n                    are still unclear. In the present study, the enzyme activity of CarEs and the mRNA expression of six CarE genes were consistently elevated after treatment with three insecticides (emamectin benzoate, lambda\u2010cyhalothrin, and chlorantraniliprole). According to spatio\u2010temporal expression profiles, six CarE genes expressed differently in different developmental stages, and highly expressed in some detoxification metabolic organs. RNAi\u2010mediated knockdown of these six CarE genes indicated that the susceptibility of\n                    <jats:italic>G. molesta<\/jats:italic>\n                    to all these three insecticides were obviously raised after\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE9<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE14<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE16<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE22<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockdown, respectively. Overall, these results demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE9<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE14<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE16<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>GmCarE22<\/jats:italic>\n                    play a role in the susceptibility of\n                    <jats:italic>G. molesta<\/jats:italic>\n                    to emamectin benzoate, lambda\u2010cyhalothrin, and chlorantraniliprole treatment. This study expands our understanding of CarEs in insects, that the same CarE gene could participate in the susceptibility to different insecticides.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T10:03:47Z","timestamp":1674209027000},"page":"305-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Molecular identification of carboxylesterase genes and their potential roles in the insecticides susceptibility of\n                    <i>Grapholita molesta<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jianying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University  Beijing People's Republic of 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