{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:28:43Z","timestamp":1790270923253,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012125","name":"Agricultural Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022009","name":"Oregon Association of Nurseries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Insect CAPA\u2010PVK (periviscerokinin) and pyrokinin (PK) neuropeptides belong to the PRX family peptides and are produced from\n                    <jats:italic>capa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>pyrokinin<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. We identified and characterised the two genes from the western flower thrips,\n                    <jats:italic>Frankliniella occidentalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The\n                    <jats:italic>capa<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene transcribes three splice variants,\n                    <jats:italic>capa\u2010a<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>\u2010b<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>\u2010c<\/jats:italic>\n                    , encoding two CAPA\u2010PVKs (EVQGLFPFPRVamide; QGLIPFPRVamide) and two PKs (ASWMPSSSPRLamide; DSASFTPRLamide). The\n                    <jats:italic>pyrokinin<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA encodes three PKs: DLVTQVLQPGQTGMWFGPRLamide, SEGNLVNFTPRLamide, and ESGEQPEDLEGSMGGAATSRQLRTDSEPTWGFSPRLamide, the most extended pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) ortholog in insects. Multiple potential endoproteolytic cleavage sites were presented in the prepropeptides from the\n                    <jats:italic>pyrokinin<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene, creating ambiguity to predict mature peptides. To solve this difficulty, we used three G protein\u2010coupled receptors (GPCRs) for CAPA\u2010PVK, tryptophan PK (trpPK), and PK peptides, and evaluated the binding affinities of the peptides. The binding activities revealed each subfamily of peptides exclusively bind to their corresponding receptors, and were significant for determining the CAPA\u2010PVK and PK peptides. Our biological method using specific GPCRs would be a valuable tool for determining mature peptides, particularly with multiple and ambiguous cleavage sites in those prepropeptides. Both\n                    <jats:italic>capa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>pyrokinin<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNAs were strongly expressed in the head\/thorax, but minimally expressed in the abdomen. The two genes also were clearly expressed during most of the life stages. Whole\u2010mounting immunocytochemistry revealed that neurons contained PRXamide peptides throughout the whole\u2010body: four to six neurosecretory cells in the head, and three and seven pairs of immunostained cells in the thorax and abdomen, respectively. Notably, the unusual PRXamide profiles of Thysanoptera are different from the other insect groups.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T11:18:17Z","timestamp":1685704697000},"page":"603-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Identification and characterisation of\n                    <scp>PRXamide<\/scp>\n                    peptides in the western flower thrips,\n                    <i>Frankliniella occidentalis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Seung\u2010Hwan","family":"Yun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gyeonggi\u2010do Agricultural Research and Extension Services  Hwaseong\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo Sang","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horticultural Crops Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS  Corvallis Oregon USA"},{"name":"Department of Horticulture Oregon State University  Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Joon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology Mississippi State University  Mississippi State Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Briana E.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horticultural Crops Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS  Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel K.","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS  Salinas California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0769-380X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man\u2010Yeon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horticultural Crops Research Unit USDA\u2010ARS  Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.21500"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"2638","article-title":"Distribution of pheromone biosynthesis\u2010activating neuropeptide in the central nervous system of Plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: Plutellidae)","volume":"112","author":"Chen Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Economic 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