{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:26:23Z","timestamp":1767860783116,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bee venom serves as an essential defensive weapon for bees and also finds application as a medicinal drug. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as critical regulators and have been demonstrated to perform a variety of biological functions. However, the presence of miRNAs in bee venom needs to be confirmed. Therefore, we conducted small RNA sequencing and identified 158 known miRNAs, 15 conserved miRNAs and 4 novel miRNAs. It is noteworthy that ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p, the most abundant among them, accounted for over a quarter of all miRNA reads. To validate the function of ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p, we screened 28 candidate target genes using transcriptome sequencing and three target gene prediction software (miRanda, PITA and TargetScan) for ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p. Subsequently, we employed real\u2010time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT\u2010PCR), Western blot and other technologies to confirm that ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p inhibits the relative expression of antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1) by targeting the 3\u2032 untranslated region (UTR) of AZIN1. This, in turn, caused ODC antizyme 1 (OAZ1) to bind to ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) and mark ODC1 for proteolytic destruction. The reduction in functional ODC1 ultimately resulted in a decrease in polyamine biosynthesis. Furthermore, we determined that ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p accelerates cell death through the AZIN1\/OAZ1\u2010ODC1\u2010polyamines pathway. Our studies demonstrate that ame\u2010miR\u20101\u20103p diminishes cell viability and it may collaborate with sPLA2 to enhance the defence capabilities of honeybees (\n                    <jats:italic>Apis mellifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.). Collectively, these data further elucidate the defence mechanism of bee venom and expand the potential applications of bee venom in medical treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T10:55:07Z","timestamp":1716202507000},"page":"312-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<scp>Ame\u2010miR<\/scp>\n                    \u20101\u20103p of bee venom reduced cell viability through the\n                    <scp>AZIN1<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>OAZ1\u2010ODC1<\/scp>\n                    \u2010polyamines pathway and enhanced the defense ability of honeybee (\n                    <i>Apis mellifera<\/i>\n                    L.)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Haifeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal 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