{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T20:06:43Z","timestamp":1778270803515,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000381","name":"Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MS 41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS 41"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Praziquantel (PZQ<\/jats:styled-content>) is an anthelminthic human and veterinary drug used to treat trematode and cestode worms. Changes in immune responses have been demonstrated in humans following curative PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> treatment of schistosome infections. These changes have been attributed to the removal of immunosupressive worms and immune responses to parasite antigens exposed from dying worms. To date, there has been no study investigating the potential direct effect of PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> on the host immune cells. Herein, we analyzed the effect of PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> on human CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> T cells classically costimulated by CD<\/jats:styled-content>3\/CD<\/jats:styled-content>28 or costimulated by the complement regulator CD<\/jats:styled-content>46 to induce Type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1). Our results show that PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> enhanced T\u2010cell proliferation, increased secretion of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 but had no effect on secretion of GM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010CSF<\/jats:styled-content> or IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b3. Moreover, PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> increased the coexpression of CD<\/jats:styled-content>49b and LAG<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103, a hallmark of Tr1 cells, suggesting increased Tr1 differentiation. Indeed, supernatants from PZQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated cells were able to decrease bystander T\u2010cell activation, and this was partly reduced when blocking IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010. Hence, our study demonstrates that PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> directly modulates human T\u2010cell activation and promotes Tr1 differentiation, suggesting that PZQ<\/jats:styled-content> may have immunomodulatory functions in parasite\u2010unrelated human inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T08:21:09Z","timestamp":1547022069000},"page":"512-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The anthelmintic drug praziquantel promotes human Tr1 differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Enwono","family":"Eyoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology & Infection Research and Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution School of Biological Sciences Ashworth Laboratories University of Edinburgh King's Buildings Edinburgh 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