{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T05:10:16Z","timestamp":1716268216654},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP10966","MOP93517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP10966","MOP93517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Natural killer (NK) cells are innate effector cells with critical roles not only in tumor immunosurveillance and viral immunity, but also in bacterial and fungal infections. Toll\u2010like receptor 2 (TLR2) can be important in the early and sustained immune responses to pathogens and tumors through the induction of cytokines and chemokines that recruit and activate immune effector cells. We investigated the role of TLR2 activation in NK cell recruitment with a view to informing approaches to induce or regulate peritoneal NK cell responses therapeutically. Peritoneal injection of TLR2 activators, including peptidoglycan and the lipopeptides FSL\u20101 and Pam<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>CSK<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, resulted in NK cell recruitment after 16\u00a0h with increased NK cell numbers maintained for 48\u00a0h. TLR2 activators induced large amounts of CCR2 ligands, but much smaller amounts of CCR5 and CXCR3 ligands. Consistent with this observation, NK cell migration was abrogated in CCR2\u2010deficient mice after peritoneal FSL\u20101 injection. Adoptive transfer of CCR2\u2010deficient NK cells prior to peritoneal FSL\u20101 activation confirmed a cell\u2010intrinsic component of CCR2\u2010mediated NK cell migration. TLR2 activation did not induce an activated NK cell phenotype, but significant changes included an increase in the KLRG1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> subset and decreased NKG2D expression. Although not activated <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, peritoneal NK cells could be activated by interleukin (IL)\u201012 and IL\u201018 <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> to express CD69 and interferon\u03b3. These data demonstrate that TLR2\u2010mediated immune activation is a potent inducer of NK cell recruitment via a CCR2\u2010dependent mechanism and that NK cells recruited by this mechanism can respond to additional signals to exert effector cell functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T11:02:28Z","timestamp":1595415748000},"page":"854-867","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Toll\u2010like receptor 2 activation induces C\u2013C chemokine receptor 2\u2010dependent natural killer cell recruitment to the peritoneum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Ian D","family":"Haidl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dihia","family":"Meghnem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas B","family":"Issekutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean S","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"IWK Health Centre Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00079"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/606383"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/onci.25238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2010.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/342845"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.10.5392"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxg108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2003.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00671-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000811"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2013.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000325265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198687","article-title":"Innate or adaptive immunity? 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