{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T04:22:11Z","timestamp":1782274931100,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013873","name":"Government of Ontario","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013873","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000032","name":"Institute of Infection and Immunity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000032","name":"Institute of Infection and Immunity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a significant health threat worldwide. Although typically mosquito\u2010borne, recent evidence suggests that ZIKV is also a sexually transmitted virus. While persistent ZIKV infections in male reproductive tissues have been identified, little is understood regarding the outcomes of primary sexual transmission in females. We investigated how the route of infection affects vaginal ZIKV shedding and dissemination. In two mouse models, vaginal infection resulted in prolonged ZIKV shedding in the vaginal mucosa with delayed systemic infection. Furthermore, heightened vaginal inflammation did not influence ZIKV replication or dissemination, in contrast to previous studies of mosquito\u2010borne infection. Thus, vaginal infection significantly alters ZIKV infection kinetics and must be considered when developing novel treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T08:06:26Z","timestamp":1648713986000},"page":"468-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vaginal transmission causes prolonged Zika virus shedding in the vaginal mucosa and delays systemic dissemination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6310-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Balint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armaan Amin","family":"Somani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth C","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1109-4749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Vahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1139-1468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali A","family":"Ashkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Centre McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1602113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtm.2016.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002611"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1604449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.32.30314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Duration of the presence of infectious zika virus in semen and serum","volume":"219","author":"Medina FA","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07993-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.11.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aao1680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Characterization of lethal Zika virus infection in AG129 mice","volume":"10","author":"Aliota MT","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05826-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-017-0060-z"}],"container-title":["Immunology &amp; 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