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To explore the relationship between immune status of patients with sepsis and CMV infection, we assessed T lymphocyte subtyping and other commonly used clinical parameters in patients with sepsis upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluated their potential impact on diagnosis and outcomes of active CMV infection. In our study, 82 of 599 patients with sepsis were diagnosed with active CMV infection. The 28\u2010day mortality was higher in active CMV\u2013infected than nonactive CMV\u2013infected patients (20.7% <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 9.9%); 51of 82 active CMV\u2013infected patients with sepsis were assessed to have CMV\u2010DNA\u2013negative conversion, while 31 were persistently positive for CMV DNA. Higher CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell counts at presentation were associated with CMV\u2010DNA\u2013negative conversion and lower 28\u2010day mortality. The CMV\u2010DNA\u2013negative conversion and 28\u2010day mortality of active CMV\u2013infected patients with sepsis could be predicted using cutoff values of 151 (74.5% sensitivity and 87.1% specificity) and 64.5 (52.9% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity) CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> at ICU admission, respectively. Higher CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell count was significantly associated with active CMV infection, higher CMV\u2010DNA\u2013negative conversion and lower 28\u2010day mortality, which may be a potential marker for early warning of active CMV infection and outcome prediction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T13:39:23Z","timestamp":1663249163000},"page":"777-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["T\u2010lymphocyte subtyping: an early warning and a potential prognostic indicator of active cytomegalovirus infection in patients with sepsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Guangxu","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese 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