{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T08:13:17Z","timestamp":1788509597471,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["510448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["510448"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    BLIMP\u20101, a transcriptional repressor initially identified in plasma B\u2010cell differentiation, also regulates CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells and is differentially expressed between na\u00efve and effector\/memory CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. However, the functions of BLIMP\u20101 in human CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    regulatory T cells (Tregs) remain unclear. We found BLIMP\u20101 mRNA levels were low in na\u00efve Tregs from thymus and cord blood, but high in effector\/memory Tregs from adult peripheral blood. We confirmed the expression of BLIMP\u20101 mRNA by microarray of healthy T\u2010cell populations and single\u2010cell RNA\u2010sequencing of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 spike\u2010specific CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells from convalescent COVID\u201019 patients. We found activated memory Tregs expressed the highest levels of BLIMP\u20101, FOXP3, and CD39 transcripts and protein. We show that CD39\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tregs, regardless of in\u00a0vitro or in\u00a0vivo activation, had the highest levels of BLIMP\u20101 protein expression and significantly more IL\u201010 mRNA than CD39\n                    <jats:sup>neg<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells. The same result was found through reanalysis of public single cell RNA\u2010sequencing data from lung (tissue and lymph node) SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 spike\u2010specific Tregs, where cells with high levels of BLIMP\u20101 mRNA had significantly more IL\u201010 mRNA than cells with low BLIMP\u20101 mRNA. Single\u2010cell RNA\u2010sequencing identified an extended transcriptomic profile of these CD39\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tregs that includes the genes encoding HPGD, CTLA\u20104, HELIOS, TIGIT, CXCR6, CCR8, and GARP. Together, these data indicate that both circulating and lung resident effector memory Tregs maintain a conserved phenotype following stimulation by cognate antigen. Our data provide further insight into the functions and potential therapeutic targets of the large regulatory T\u2010cell component of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T\u2010cell responses to pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.70148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T23:59:02Z","timestamp":1784073542000},"page":"757-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>BLIMP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 and\n                    <scp>CD39<\/scp>\n                    expression define human effector memory regulatory T cells in blood and recall responses to viruses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Chansavath","family":"Phetsouphanh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3153-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J. L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre","family":"Cuff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Klemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bikash","family":"Manandhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise C.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5912-5989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John J.","family":"Zaunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Vincent's Hospital  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony D.","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabila","family":"Seddiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Universite Paris\u2010Saclay  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010roses France"},{"name":"Inserm, UMRS1184  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010roses France"},{"name":"Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), CEA  Fontenay\u2010Aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.805260"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adx8105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-00994-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20060468"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803548"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201344102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01113-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1674"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-016451"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1482"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201242695"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515653"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2013.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0616"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2026.101458"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI130426"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2114282119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.\u2010M.Cepika L.Amaya C.Waichler et\u00a0al. \u201cEpigenetic Signature and Key Transcriptional Regulators of Human Antigen\u2010Specific Type 1 Regulatory T Cells \u201dbioRxiv [Preprint]. 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