{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T21:31:36Z","timestamp":1758403896164,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002471","name":"Dongguk University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002471","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Albuminuria is associated with increased risk of multiple adverse health outcomes, such as progressive renal failure, cardiovascular disease and death. However, in the general population, it is uncertain whether albuminuria is associated with elevated heart rate, which is an independent and powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether an elevated heart rate is an independent factor associated with albuminuria in the general adult population of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional analysis was carried out on 5198 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orean adults aged 19 years or older who participated in the fifth (2011) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orea <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ational <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>utrition <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xamination <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>urvey (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KNHANES V<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of albuminuria showed an increasing trend throughout the whole range of heart rate, even after adjusting for confounders (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002). The increment was most profound at the heart rate of 70\u201375 and &gt;76 beats per minute (b.p.m.; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), hypertension (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), diabetes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), hypertriglyceridaemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.025), estimated glomerular filtration rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.028) and heart rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.023) were independently associated with the presence of albuminuria in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>orean adults. Compared with participants with heart rate \u226464\u2009b.p.m., the odds ratio (95% CI) for albuminuria was 1.50 (1.15\u20131.96) for those with heart rate \u226576\u2009b.p.m.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of albuminuria is independently associated with heart rate in the general adult population of Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,23]],"date-time":"2014-12-23T07:08:52Z","timestamp":1419318532000},"page":"428-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of heart rate with albuminuria in a general adult population: the 2011 <scp>K<\/scp>orea <scp>N<\/scp>ational <scp>H<\/scp>ealth and <scp>N<\/scp>utrition <scp>E<\/scp>xamination <scp>S<\/scp>urvey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"H. S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital  Koyang Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. W.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan\u2010Paik Hospital College of Medicine Inje University  Koyang Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Myongji Hospital  Koyang Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan\u2010Paik Hospital College of Medicine Inje University  Koyang Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan\u2010Paik Hospital College of Medicine Inje University  Koyang Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-6-256"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.09206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/18.1.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2001.00833.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Plan and operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988\u201394. 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