{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:26:48Z","timestamp":1783016808458,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]],"date-time":"2016-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite gout and hyperuricaemia being major comorbid health issues worldwide, there is a knowledge gap regarding their impact in the Australian community.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence and associations of self\u2010reported medically diagnosed gout and hyperuricaemia in an Australian population\u2010based cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The North West Adelaide Health Study is a longitudinal cohort study consisting of three stages of data collection. Each stage comprised a self\u2010complete questionnaire, clinic assessment and computer\u2010assisted telephone interview. In Stage 3 (2008\u20132010), participants were asked if a doctor had ever diagnosed them with gout. Additional data included demographics, comorbidities, laboratory data and Short Form 36 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SF<\/jats:styled-content>\u201036). Participants were defined as having gout if they had self\u2010reported medically diagnosed gout or were taking any gout\u2010specific medication (allopurinol, colchicine, probenecid). Hyperuricaemia was defined as a serum uric acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUA<\/jats:styled-content>) level &gt;0.42 mmol\/L in men and &gt;0.34 mmol\/L in women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall prevalence of gout was 5.2%. Males were significantly more likely to have gout than females (8.5 vs 2.1%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001). The overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 16.6%, with being male again identified as a significant risk factor (17.8 vs 15.4%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.01). Both gout and hyperuricaemia were associated with male sex, body mass index and renal disease after multivariable adjustment. There was no significant difference reported in quality of life (mean<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SF<\/jats:styled-content>\u201036) scores in participants with gout compared to unaffected individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia is high in the South Australian population. This study emphasises the need for optimal diagnosis and management of gout in Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]],"date-time":"2016-01-14T03:20:59Z","timestamp":1452741659000},"page":"566-573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Prevalence and associations of gout and hyperuricaemia: results from an Australian population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Ting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. K.","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Keen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. R.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. L.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.703389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204647"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000221716.55088.d4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181db6e16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker361"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.12062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30520"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.076232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3272"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.7.742"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4281"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-10-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2012.02794.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"965","article-title":"Rheumatic disease in an Australian Aboriginal community in North Queensland, Australia. A WHO\u2010ILAR COPCORD survey","volume":"31","author":"Minaur N","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3235.0 \u2013 Population by Age and Sex Regions of Australia 2011. Canberra: The Bureau; 2011 [cited 2015 Mar 22]. Available from URL:http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/Products\/3235.0~2011~Main+Features~South+Australia?OpenDocument"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","volume-title":"How to Score Version 2 of the SF\u201036\u00ae Health Survey","author":"Ware J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.100418"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205827"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-1-199907060-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f4262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1735-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38203","article-title":"Risk of diuretics and incident gout","volume":"66","author":"Brudere S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.9.6097"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimj.13006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imj.13006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T19:59:58Z","timestamp":1718308798000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imj.13006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imj.13006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.13006","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-0903","1445-5994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-0903","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-5994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-01-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}