{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T22:51:59Z","timestamp":1768344719105,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,4]],"date-time":"2017-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease that is refractory to standard treatment and is complicated by multiple comorbidities and risk factors. In mild to moderate asthma, the burden of disease can be minimised by inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators and self\u2010management education. In severe asthma, however, management is more complex. When patients with asthma continue to experience symptoms and exacerbations despite optimal management, severe refractory asthma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRA<\/jats:styled-content>) should be suspected and confirmed, and other aetiologies ruled out. Once a diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRA<\/jats:styled-content> is established, patients should undergo a systematic and multidimensional assessment to identify inflammatory endotypes, risk factors and comorbidities, with targeted and individualised management initiated. We describe a practical approach to assessment and management of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T04:30:15Z","timestamp":1496637015000},"page":"623-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Management of severe asthma: targeting the airways, comorbidities and risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Excellence in Severe Asthma The University of Newcastle  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs The University of Newcastle  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"VIVA, Hunter Medical Research Institute  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa M.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Excellence in Severe Asthma The University of Newcastle  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs The University of Newcastle  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"VIVA, Hunter Medical Research Institute  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital  Newcastle New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"CD001117","article-title":"Self\u2010management education and regular practitioner review for adults with asthma","author":"Gibson PG","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00202013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-204114"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13166"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"Australian Asthma Management Handbook","author":"National Asthma Council","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Predicting frequent asthma exacerbations using blood eosinophil count and other patient data routinely available in clinical practice","volume":"9","author":"Price D","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Phenotyping asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","volume":"2","author":"Gibson PG","year":"2016","journal-title":"BRN Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-3056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.03.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Nonadherence in difficult asthma \u2013 facts, myths, and a time to act","volume":"7","author":"Lindsay JT","year":"2013","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201204-0587OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/1025448x.10000710"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Allergic and nonallergic factors in severe asthma","volume":"51","author":"Gaga M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir Mon"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12815"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17512433.2016.1172208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0052-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"CD001108","article-title":"Azoles for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis associated with asthma","volume":"3","author":"Wark PAB","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201606-1249CI"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2009.01629.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0088-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.06.012"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimj.13441","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imj.13441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T08:00:41Z","timestamp":1695542441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imj.13441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imj.13441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.13441","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-0903","1445-5994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-0903","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-5994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-09-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-11-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-06-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}