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However, these studies have not controlled for potential individual\u2010, familial\u2010 and environmental\u2010level confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the association between childhood maltreatment and lower sleep quality after adjusting for potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data for the present study were obtained from a pre\u2010birth cohort study of 3778 young adults (52.6% female) of the Mater Hospital\u2010University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy follow up at a mean age of 20.6 years. The Mater Hospital\u2010University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy is a prospective Australian pre\u2010birth cohort study of mothers consecutively recruited during their first obstetric clinic visit at Brisbane's Mater Hospital in 1981\u20131983. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at the 21\u2010year follow up. We linked this dataset to agency\u2010recorded substantiated cases of childhood maltreatment. A series of separate logistic regression models was used to test whether childhood maltreatment predicted lower sleep quality after adjustment for selected confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Substantiated physical abuse significantly predicted lower sleep quality in males. Single and multiple forms of childhood maltreatment, including age of maltreatment and number of substantiations, did not predict lower sleep quality in either gender in both crude and adjusted models. Not being married, living in a residential problem area, cigarette smoking and internalising were significantly associated with lower sleep quality in a fully adjusted model for the male\u2013female combined sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood maltreatment does not appear to predict young adult poor sleep quality, with the exception of physical abuse for males. While childhood maltreatment has been found to predict a range of mental health problems, childhood maltreatment does not appear to predict sleep problems occurring in young adults. Poor sleep quality was accounted for by concurrent social disadvantage, cigarette smoking and internalising.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T12:50:19Z","timestamp":1492606219000},"page":"879-888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Childhood maltreatment and adulthood poor sleep quality: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6878-0627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanuel A.","family":"Abajobir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Kisely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Community Health and Epidemiology Dalhousie University  Halifax Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lane","family":"Strathearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics University of Iowa  Iowa City Iowa USA"},{"name":"Center for Disabilities and Development University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jake M.","family":"Najman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, 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