{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:46:16Z","timestamp":1789076776937,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,5]],"date-time":"2017-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate and stratify early cardiovascular risk of transsexuals who underwent pharmacological and\/or surgical gender reassignment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010six transsexuals were divided into two groups: group 1 \u2013 underwent gonadectomy (orchiectomy for transwomen and hystero\u2010annessiectomy for transmen); group 2 \u2013 hormone replacement therapy alone. All participants underwent carotid artery intima\u2010media thickness (C\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content>) and flow\u2010mediated vasodilation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMD<\/jats:styled-content>) of brachial artery evaluations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMD<\/jats:styled-content> was lower in patients who had undergone gonadectomy compared with non\u2010surgically treated patients (Group 1: 5.711 vs Group 2: 7.339, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Mean C\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content> was higher in group 1 than group 2 (group 1: 0.733 vs group 2: 0.582). The duration of hormone therapy correlates positively with mean C\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and negatively with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMD<\/jats:styled-content> (%) (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212 0.007).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular risk, which is expressed in terms of endothelial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMD<\/jats:styled-content>) and morphological (C\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content>) dysfunction, increases in subjects undergoing gonadectomy compared with those receiving cross\u2010sex reassignment therapy alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,31]],"date-time":"2017-08-31T11:36:32Z","timestamp":1504179392000},"page":"1255-1262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Surgical and pharmacological reassignment: influence on transsexual cardiovascular risk profile"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Marco M.","family":"Ciccone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Disease Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation University of Bari  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Loverro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Bari  Bari 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