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Exclusion criteria were known heart failure or cardiac abnormality on echocardiography or other imaging. Medical history, clinical examination, full blood examination and biochemistry (without lipids and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)) were performed for 3847 participants on enrolment, and blood pressure, lipids and HbA1c were measured 1\u20132 years after enrolment for 3203 participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite 99% of 3294 participants with hypertension receiving antihypertensive medication, half had blood pressures &gt;140\/90 mmHg. Approximately 77% of participants were overweight or obese, with one third being obese. Additionally, 74% of participants at high cardiovascular disease risk had low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol levels \u22652 mmol\/L, one third of diabetic participants had HbA1c &gt;7%, 22% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 60 mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, and substantial proportions had under\u2010utilisation of antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation and were physically inactive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This population demonstrated substantial potential to reduce cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality and healthcare costs through more effective management of modifiable risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,14]],"date-time":"2017-11-14T16:03:00Z","timestamp":1510675380000},"page":"688-698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Risk factor management in a contemporary Australian population at increased cardiovascular disease risk"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Duncan J.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cardiology St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology St Vincent's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Coller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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