{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:27:00Z","timestamp":1787063220553,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perineal gangrene (synergistic gangrene), an age\u2010old severe infectious disorder, was more completely described by Dr Robert Robertson (1742\u20131829) in 1777, providing much needed data on the clinical features well before Dr Jean Alfred Fournier's (1832\u20131914) account in 1883. Robertson\u2019s historically overlooked and detailed narrative is presented with implications, in part, refuting some conclusions made by Fournier 100 years later.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T20:09:20Z","timestamp":1536091760000},"page":"1157-1160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Fournier gangrene: an historical reappraisal"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0165-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce","family":"Short","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"589","article-title":"Gangrene foudroyante de la verge","volume":"4","author":"Fournier JA","year":"1883","journal-title":"Med Pr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(90)80088-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2008.595"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"188","article-title":"Brand des hodensaches","volume":"41","author":"Hebler","year":"1848","journal-title":"Med Zeitschr Experim Med Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"232","article-title":"Alfred Fournier 1832\u20131914: His influence on venereology","volume":"50","author":"Waugh MA","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"984","article-title":"Gangrene foudroyante de la verge (Overwhelming Gangrene) trans. Alexander S Corman","volume":"31","author":"Fournier JA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"L\u2019 H\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9 Syphilitique","author":"Fournier JA","year":"1891"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"La Syphilis H\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire Tardive","author":"Fournier JA","year":"1886"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"539","volume-title":"Al\u2010Qanum fi\u2019l\u2010Tibb","author":"Ibn Sina"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Avicenna\u2019s canon of medicine and modern urology: part II, bladder calculi","volume":"6","author":"Madineh A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"251","article-title":"Sur une contuse qui s\u2019est termine\u00e9 par le sphac\u00e8le de le scrotum","volume":"20","author":"Baurienne H","year":"1764","journal-title":"J Med Chur Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"LuttrellE. A case of gangrene after castration successfully treated with giving alkalis and acids separately.Memoirs of the Medical Society of London Instituted in 1773 1787;1:60\u201365."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"HubbardL. Case of Gangrene of the Scrotum.Cases and Observations by the Medical Society of New Haven County Instituted in the year 1784.1788;21\u201324."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Observations on the Nature and Cure of Hospital and Jayle Fevers in a Letter to Doctor Mead, Physician to His Majesty the King","author":"Pringle J","year":"1750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Observations on the Diseases of the Army in Camp and Garrison in Three Parts with an Appendix Containing Some Papers of Experiments Read at Several Meetings of the Royal Society","author":"Pringle J","year":"1753"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"60","volume-title":"A Treatise of the Materia Medica","author":"Cullen W","year":"1789"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"A Physical Journal Kept on Board His Majesty\u2019s Ship Rainbow during Three Voyages to the Coast of Africa and West Indies in the Years 1772, 1773 and 1774","author":"Robertson R","year":"1777"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Observations of Fevers and Other Disease which Occur on Voyages to Africa and the West Indies","author":"Robertson R","year":"1792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"Robert Robertson (1742\u20131829): Fever Specialist, 18th Century Medical Experimenter, Naval Health Reformer and Senior Physician in the Royal Navy Medical Department","author":"Short B","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Observations on the Walcheren Diseases, Which Affected the British Soldiers in the Expedition to the Scheldt","author":"Dawson GP","year":"1810"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Fournier\u2019s Gangrene: Historic (1764\u20131978) versus contemporary (1979\u20131988) difference in etiology and clinical importance","volume":"59","author":"Stephens BJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"YalamarthiS DayalS. Fournier\u2019s Gangrene lectures and tutorials Royal College of Surgeons. Edinburgh. [cited 2018 Feb 1]. Available from URL:http:\/\/www.edu.rcsed.ac.uk.\/lectures\/It33.htn"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimj.14031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imj.14031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T05:58:29Z","timestamp":1694930309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imj.14031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imj.14031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.14031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-0903","1445-5994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1444-0903","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-5994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-09-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}