{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T08:26:33Z","timestamp":1759479993851,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H0517\/81560132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H0517\/81560132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Guidelines recommend classical combined therapy of steroid and cyclophosphamide (CYC) for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), while it is associated with severe adverse effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted an observational and retrospective study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of steroids plus tacrolimus (TAC) versus steroids plus CYC for IMN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 203 kidney\u2010biopsy\u2010proven IMN patients was enrolled in this study. One group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u2009142) received steroid combined with intravenous CYC (750 mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> body surface) and the other group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200961) received steroid combined with oral TAC (target blood concentration of 4\u20138 ng\/mL). The primary outcomes were achievement of remission. The secondary end\u2010points included incidence of adverse events, relapse rates, 24 h urinary protein (UP), serum albumin, serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over the 18\u2010month observation period, the study suggested that the remission rates at the first 3 months were significantly higher in TAC group than in CYC group (72.1% vs 54.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05). Although the cumulative incidence of serious and non\u2010serious adverse events was not different significantly between the two groups, the incidence after first 3 months was lower in TAC group. Levels of 24\u2010h UP and serum albumin improved in the TAC group more than in the CYC group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05) over the observed period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because of its short\u2010term effectiveness and long\u2010term safety profile, steroid plus TAC might be a better option for IMN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T05:08:06Z","timestamp":1565154486000},"page":"612-619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effectiveness and safety of cyclophosphamide or tacrolimus therapy for idiopathic membranous nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0966-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honghong","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology People's Hospital of Xinyu City  Xinyu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaosi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang 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