{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T13:56:42Z","timestamp":1778162202192,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is unclear if the prevalence of COVID\u201019 in rheumatologic patients is similar to that of the general population. There are no reports of seroprevalence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate prevalence of COVID\u201019 cases and seroprevalence among rheumatologic patients and the risk factors for infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study in a rheumatologic population. An online questionnaire was sent on 31 April 2020. Blood samples from 20% sample of patients were drawn for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antibodies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients were divided based on autoimmune (AI) diagnosis. Prevalence of COVID\u201019 by nasopharyngeal swab and by serology (seroprevalence) was compared to national data. Risk factors for infection of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study group included 1204 patients, 74.5% had an AI diagnosis. The prevalence of COVID\u201019 was 0.16% in the rheumatologic patient population and 0.22% in the AI group, which was not different from prevalence in Israel on 4 May 2020 (0.18%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.912 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.759 respectively). Serologic tests were performed in 242 patients, of which five were found positive pointing to a seroprevalence of 2.07%. Exposure to a known COVID\u201019 patient was the only significant risk factor for being positive by swab or by serology. AI diagnosis, immunosuppression, corticosteroid, hydroxychloroquine did not influence the risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of COVID\u201019 in a population of rheumatologic patients was similar to that of the general population. Mild\/asymptomatic cases may be prevalent according to serologic tests. The major risk factor for infection is exposure to a known case of COVID\u201019, and immunosuppression did not play a role in the risk of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T17:50:41Z","timestamp":1618249841000},"page":"682-690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence of <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 and seroprevalence to <scp>SARS\u2010CoV<\/scp>\u20102 in a rheumatologic patient population from a tertiary referral clinic in Israel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2894-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tali","family":"Eviatar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofir","family":"Elalouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Furer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Goldstein\u2010Lahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Paran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Pel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Nevo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Zisapel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifat","family":"Alcalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ori","family":"Elkayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) global epidemiological situation. 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