{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:42:51Z","timestamp":1790116971221,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":301,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":51,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Invasive fungal disease (IFD) due to moulds other than\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a significant cause of mortality in patients with malignancies or post haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. The current guidelines focus on the diagnosis and management of the common non\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    moulds (NAM), such as Mucorales,\n                    <jats:italic>Scedosporium<\/jats:italic>\n                    species (spp.),\n                    <jats:italic>Lomentospora prolificans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Rare but emerging NAM including\n                    <jats:italic>Paecilomyces variotii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Purpureocillium lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Scopulariopsis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are also reviewed. Culture and histological examination of tissue biopsy specimens remain the mainstay of diagnosis, but molecular methods are increasingly being used. As NAM frequently disseminate, blood cultures and skin examination with biopsy of any suspicious lesions are critically important. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach with surgical debridement as a central component. Other management strategies include control of the underlying disease\/predisposing factors, augmentation of the host response and the reduction of immunosuppression. Carefully selected antifungal therapy, guided by susceptibility testing, is critical to cure. We also outline novel antifungal agents still in clinical trial which offer substantial potential for improved outcomes in the future. Paediatric recommendations follow those of adults. Ongoing epidemiological research, improvement in diagnostics and the development of new antifungal agents will continue to improve the poor outcomes that have been traditionally associated with IFD due to NAM.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T18:37:36Z","timestamp":1640198256000},"page":"177-219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of invasive fungal disease due to moulds other than\n                    <i>Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    in the haematology\/oncology setting, 2021"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Olivia","family":"Bupha\u2010Intr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Services Wellington Regional Hospital  Wellington New 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Australian National University  Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wieland","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Clinical School and Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Research and Education Network Westmead Hospital  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Institute for Medical Research  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushrut","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Department of Clinical Haematology The 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