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While these fibrils may aggregate to form insignificant localised deposits, they can also accumulate in multiple organs to the extent that amyloidosis can be an immediately life\u2010threatening disease, requiring urgent treatment. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques and therapies are dramatically changing the disease landscape and patient prognosis. Delays in diagnosis and treatment remain the greatest challenge, necessitating physician awareness of the common clinical presentations that suggest amyloidosis. The most common types are transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis followed by immunoglobulin light\u2010chain (AL) amyloidosis. While systemic AL amyloidosis was previously considered a death sentence with no effective therapies, significant improvement in patient survival has occurred over the past 2 decades, driven by greater understanding of the disease process, risk\u2010adapted adoption of myeloma therapies such as proteosome inhibitors (bortezomib) and monoclonal antibodies (daratumumab) and improved supportive care. ATTR amyloidosis is an underdiagnosed cause of heart failure. Technetium scintigraphy has made noninvasive diagnosis much easier, and ATTR is now recognised as the most common type of amyloidosis because of the increased identification of age\u2010related ATTR. There are emerging ATTR treatments that slow disease progression, decrease patient hospitalisations and improve patient quality of life and survival. This review aims to update physicians on recent developments in amyloidosis diagnosis and management and to provide a diagnostic and treatment framework to improve the management of patients with all forms of amyloidosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T12:38:05Z","timestamp":1670416685000},"page":"2046-2067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Current approaches to the diagnosis and management of amyloidosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1270-7209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark S.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Amyloidosis Service Westmead Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Liverpool Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology Prince of Wales Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Prince of Wales Clinical School UNSW Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasib","family":"Sidiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fiona Stanley Amyloidosis Clinic  Western Australia Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Hare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit Alfred Health  Victoria Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service  Victoria Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Amyloidosis Service Westmead Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Clinical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit Alfred Health  Victoria Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service  Victoria Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-9102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service  Victoria Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine Eastern Health  Victoria Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University  Victoria Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Baumwol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fiona Stanley Amyloidosis Clinic  Western Australia Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia S.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Amyloidosis Service Westmead Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Clinical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology St Vincent's Hospital  New South Wales Darlinghurst Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Vucic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Concord Repatriation General Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pat","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Alexandra Hospital Amyloidosis Centre  Queensland Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Korczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Alexandra Hospital Amyloidosis Centre  Queensland Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liza","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Amyloidosis Service Westmead Hospital  New South Wales Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Clinical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Mollee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Alexandra Hospital Amyloidosis Centre  Queensland Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Queensland Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme J.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Clinical School University of Sydney  New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1244-4106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon D. 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