{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:18:34Z","timestamp":1747185514815,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>New Zealand went into lockdown March 2020 successfully eliminating the circulation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) virus. During lockdown there were reduced rates of respiratory infections and hospital admission numbers were low. At the time, rumours of benefit and harm of medicines for COVID\u201019 were widespread in the lay and medical media.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe changes in inpatient prescribing in an acute general medicine service during the New Zealand COVID\u201019 lockdown in 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rates of prescribing of medicines during the 33\u2009days of lockdown were compared with a 33\u2010day control period before lockdown. Prescriptions, patients and bed days were calculated from the hospital patient administration and electronic prescribing and administration systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the general medicine service, acute admissions were 20% lower during lockdown (from 1216 pre\u2010lockdown to 974). There was a small decrease in the rate of prescriptions per patient (10.1 vs 10.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.01) during lockdown, and the average length of stay was shorter (3.2 vs 3.6\u2009days). Nebulised administration decreased by 75% (1.3% vs 5.3% of admissions) but unexpectedly there was no change in the prescribing rates of antibacterial medicines, e.g.\u00a0amoxicillin (26% vs 26%). There were no changes in rates of prescribing of medicines being rumoured to potentially improve (e.g. hydroxychloroquine) or worsen (e.g. angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors) COVID\u201019 outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute medical admissions decreased 20% during lockdown for COVID\u201019, with a proportional decrease in prescriptions. Reduced rates of respiratory tract infections did not lead to decreased prescribing of antibacterial medicines. Rumour\u2010based prescribing did not eventuate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.15996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T05:50:01Z","timestamp":1670910601000},"page":"917-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in inpatient medicine prescribing during <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 lockdown"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6534-1162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Millie Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Christchurch Hospital  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2944-8338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murray L.","family":"Barclay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Gastroenterology Christchurch Hospital  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Christchurch  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5470-5191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul K. L.","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Christchurch Hospital  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Christchurch  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Doogue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Christchurch Hospital  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Christchurch  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"DguaraB.Coronavirus: A Timeline of the COVID\u201019 pandemic in New Zealand and globally. Stuff.co.nz (news website on the Internet). 2020 May 5 [cited 2020 May 25]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.stuff.co.nz\/national\/health\/coronavirus\/121101332\/coronavirus-a-timeline-ofthe-covid19-pandemic-in-new-zealand-and-globally"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Covid19.govt.nz(homepage on the Internet). Unite Against COVID\u201019. 2020 [cited 2020 May 25]. Available from URL:https:\/\/covid19.govt.nz\/alert-system\/covid-19-alert-system"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Decision Support Dashboard (from the CDHB Intranet). Canterbury District Health Board [cited 2020 May 25]. Available from URL:https:\/\/cdhbintranet.cdhb.health.nz\/corporate\/decisionsupport\/Tableau\/COVID19_Dashboard.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"NewtonK EpsinerG. COVID\u201019: People Staying Clear of Hospitals May Lead to Deaths and Post\u2010Lockdown Mess \u2013 Doctors. RNZ.co.nz (news website on the Internet). 2020 Apr 15 [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.rnz.co.nz\/news\/national\/414251\/covid-19-people-staying-clear-of-hospitals-maylead-to-deaths-and-post-lockdown-mess-doctors"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Unplanned admissions to the Wellington hospital intensive care unit before, during and after New Zealand's COVID\u201019 lockdown","volume":"133","author":"Young PJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"CassieF.Cause of Steep Drop in Acute Admission During Lockdown Unclear.Nzdoctor.co.nz(website on the Internet). 2020 May 18 [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.nzdoctor.co.nz\/article\/news\/cause-steep-drop-acute-admissions-duringlockdown-unclear"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"RussellE.COVID\u201019 Coronavirus Lockdown: All Non\u2010Urgent Surgeries Cancelled.Nzherald.co.nz(website on the internet). 2020 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 20]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.nzherald.co.nz\/nz\/covid-19-coronavirus-lockdown-all-non-urgent-surgeriescancelled\/XAAFKD2GXCJTJM55YKAHHOCOQI\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"medicinesinformation.co.nz (homepage on the Internet). Christchurch Medicine Information Service [cited 2020 May 25]. Available from URL:www.medicinesinformation.co.nz"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1555"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269482"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6935a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11030333"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232020259.16792020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2021.100162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"Respiratory Multiplex Data from Canterbury Health Laboratories[cited 2020 Nov 16]. Available from: Canterbury District Health Board Internal Database."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14706"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imj.15996","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/imj.15996","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imj.15996","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T19:47:10Z","timestamp":1692474430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imj.15996"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imj.15996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imj.15996","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1444-0903","1445-5994"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1444-0903"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1445-5994"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}