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Polypharmacy (\u2265 5 prescribed medications), potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) as per Beers Criteria and anticholinergic burden (ACB) were estimated and associated risk factors were explored with logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of polypharmacy, PIMs and ACB score \u22653 was 43%, 18% and 12% respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, polypharmacy was less likely in rural (odds ratio (OR) =\u20090.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) =\u20090.24\u20130.77) compared to urban patients, and more likely in those with heart disease (OR\u2009=\u20092.62, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.62\u20134.25), atrial fibrillation (OR\u2009=\u20094.25, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08\u201316.81), hypertension (OR\u2009=\u20092.14, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.34\u20133.44), diabetes (OR\u2009=\u20092.72, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.69\u20134.39) or depression (OR\u2009=\u20091.91, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.19\u20133.06). PIMs were more frequent in females (OR\u2009=\u20091.88, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.03\u20133.42) and less frequent in rural (OR\u2009=\u20090.41, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.19\u20130.85) and remote (OR\u2009=\u20090.58, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.29\u20131.18) patients. Factors associated with PIMs were kidney disease (OR\u2009=\u20092.60, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.37\u20134.92), urinary incontinence (OR\u2009=\u20093.00, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.02\u20138.83), depression (OR\u2009=\u20092.67, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.50\u20134.77), heavy alcohol use (OR\u2009=\u20092.83, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.39\u20135.75) and subjective cognitive concerns (OR\u2009=\u20092.69, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.31\u20135.52). High ACB was less common in rural (OR\u2009=\u20090.10, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.03\u20130.34) and remote (OR\u2009=\u20090.51, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.25\u20131.04) patients and more common in those with kidney disease (OR\u2009=\u20093.07, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.50\u20136.30) or depression (OR\u2009=\u20093.32, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.70\u20136.47).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Associations between potentially suboptimal prescribing and depression or cognitive concerns highlight the importance of considering medication review and deprescribing for these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T10:49:22Z","timestamp":1703933362000},"page":"897-908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Medications and cognitive risk in Aboriginal primary care: a cross\u2010sectional 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