{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T06:26:15Z","timestamp":1783664775031,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Australia is struggling to meet its National Hepatitis B Strategy care targets, particularly in nonmetropolitan settings. It is vital to engage priority populations and improve their access to recommended care to reach these targets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study examined people living with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in regional North Queensland, Australia, and determined whether their care adhered to current national CHB management guidelines. The analysis aimed to identify gaps in care that might be addressed to improve future outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All individuals referred to the gastroenterology clinic at the Townsville University Hospital in regional North Queensland, Australia, for CHB care between January 2015 and December 2020 were identified. Their linkage to care, engagement in care and receipt of guideline\u2010recommended CHB care were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 255 individuals, 245 (96%) were linked to care; 108 (42%) remained engaged in care and 86 (38%) were receiving guideline\u2010recommended care in 2021. There were 91\/255 (36%) who identified as Indigenous Australians. Indigenous status was the only independent predictor of not being linked to care (odds ratio (OR): 0.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03\u20130.60), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.01), not being engaged in care (OR: 0.19 (95% CI: 0.10\u20130.36), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001), not receiving guideline\u2010recommended CHB care (OR: 0.16 (95% CI: 0.08\u20130.31), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001) or not being engaged in a hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance programme (OR: 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02\u20130.27), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current approaches are failing to deliver optimal CHB care to Indigenous Australians in regional North Queensland. Targeted strategies to ensure that Indigenous Australians in the region receive equitable care are urgently needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T06:28:24Z","timestamp":1710570504000},"page":"1155-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronic hepatitis B care in regional Australia: implications for clinical practice and public health policy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Chaw","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Townsville University Hospital  Townsville Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Princess Alexandra Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rozemary","family":"Karamatic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Townsville University Hospital  Townsville Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1423-3839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Cairns Hospital  Cairns Queensland Australia"},{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.11.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Viral Hepatitis Mapping Project: National Report 2021","author":"MacLachlan JHSS","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Third National Hepatitis B Strategy 2018\u20132022: Australian Government Department of Health; 2018 [Cited 2022 Aug 9]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/2022\/06\/third-national-hepatitis-b-strategy-2018-2022.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50961"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"Contribution of Chronic Disease to the Gap in Mortality between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People and Other Australians","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH10137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12853"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-020-01180-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Townsville University Hospital: Townsville Hospital and Health Service; [Cited 2022 Aug 9]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.townsville.health.qld.gov.au\/facilities\/townsville\/townsville-university-hospital\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"2021 Townsville Census Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander people QuickStats Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics; [Cited 2022 Aug 30]. Available from URL:https:\/\/abs.gov.au\/census\/find-census-data\/quickstats\/2021\/IQS318."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Australian Guidelines to Reduce Health Risks from Drinking Alcohol. Commonwealth of Australia Canberra: National Health and Medical Research Council; 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Australian Statistical Geography Standard \u2013 Remoteness Area: Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care; 2019 [Cited 2022 Sept 14]. 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