{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T02:29:02Z","timestamp":1775874542034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacteraemia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding local patterns of bacteraemia including pathogen distribution, infection source, clinical speciality team burden, susceptibility data and mortality rates can inform empiric antibiotic choices, prevention approaches and education strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To obtain descriptive data from positive blood cultures identified from Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District in Greater Western Sydney.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective descriptive study was performed from August 2018 to March 2023 with data extracted from electronic medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 6720 isolates were identified from positive blood cultures, of which 71.2% were clinically significant. The median age was 69 years. A total of 74.6% of clinically significant isolates were acquired in the community. The most commonly isolated pathogen was <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (31.3%), followed by <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (14.3%), and 8.6% of patients with clinically significant positive blood cultures were neutropenic. Neutropenic patients were more likely to have <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> as the causative pathogen (11.4%) compared to the entire study population (3.9%). The most commonly identified source of infection was the urinary tract. The 30\u2010day all\u2010cause mortality rate for clinically significant positive blood cultures was 16.8%, with higher mortality rates seen with <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species (and species previously known as <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>), <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic> species. 94% of bacteraemia from Enterobacterales tested susceptible <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> to ampicillin and\/or gentamicin. The rate of methicillin resistance in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> was 24%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides valuable insight into the local epidemiology of bacteraemia,\u00a0which will allow for targeted prevention, management and educational strategies to improve outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1733489651000},"page":"66-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bacteraemia over 4\u2009years in a <scp>Greater Western Sydney Metropolitan Local Health District<\/scp>: a retrospective descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3820-440X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vidthiya","family":"Menon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Nepean Hospital University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance Sepsis Outcomes Programs: 2020 Report","author":"Coombs G","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1228"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004212"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac727"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_8_6_1.1","unstructured":"Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District.Year in Review 2022-2023. Updated 2023 Dec 20. Report on the Internet [updated 2023 Dec 20"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_8_6_1.2","unstructured":"cited 2024 Jul 17]. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.nsw.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-01\/NBMLHD%20-%20Year%20in%20Review%202021-2022.pdf"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_8_7_1.1","unstructured":"Nepean Blue Mountains Primary Health Network Community Profile.Report on the Internet [updated 2024 Jul 17"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_8_7_1.2","unstructured":"cited 2024 Jul 17]. Available from URL:https:\/\/profile.id.com.au\/nbmphn\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-85"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2018.1470666"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000764"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idh.2017.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1296-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06372-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00355-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","article-title":"Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Staphylococcus aureus Surveillance Outcome Program (ASSOP)","author":"Coombs GW","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell (2018)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","unstructured":"Antibiotic (published in 2019 updated in 2023). 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