{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:52:58Z","timestamp":1791561178583,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal and puerperal sepsis are major manifestations of invasive group B streptococcal (<jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>; iGBS) infections. International data indicate the importance of iGBS infections among non\u2010pregnant adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the burden of iGBS infections in Western Australia (WA) between 2000 and 2018 in terms of incidence, length of hospitalisation and all\u2010cause 30\u2010 and 90\u2010day mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective, population\u2010based study using linked data from the state government\u2010owned pathology provider, hospitalisations and death registrations. Children and adults with isolation of GBS in a normally sterile site or a hospital\u2010based diagnosis of iGBS infection were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 2861 cases; just over a quarter (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u2009768) were aged 0\u20131 year. Half of the cases were among females (1438 of 2861), and the median age was 39\u2009years. Incidence increased over the study period, with an age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted incidence rate ratio for year of 1.08 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06\u20131.09). The incidence in 2018 was 9.5 cases (95% CI 8.3\u201310.6 cases) per 100\u2009000 population. The proportion of cases among those aged 0\u20131 year fell across the period, while the relative incidence in older age groups increased. The median length of hospital stay was 7\u2009days (interquartile range 4\u201315\u2009days), and mortality at 30\u2009days was 3% (95 of 2861).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>iGBS cases increased across the period 2000\u20132018 in WA, with older adults making up a higher proportion of cases over time. Preventive efforts among older patients, including potentially through vaccination, may reverse this increase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T07:15:26Z","timestamp":1736406926000},"page":"453-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Invasive group B streptococcal infections in Western Australia, 2000\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1145-947X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cameron M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospitals Group  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"The University of Western Australia, Medical School, Internal Medicine  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Population and Global Health Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Moorin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Western Australia, Medical School, Internal Medicine  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Population and Global Health Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Dyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospitals Group  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Carapetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Western Australia, Medical School, Internal Medicine  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department Perth Children's Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4334-5351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurens","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospitals Group  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"The University of Western Australia, Medical School, Internal Medicine  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001063420103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline: Group B Streptococcus","author":"King Edward Memorial Hospital Obstetrics and Gynaecology Directorate","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306243282503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.7269"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14885"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/23744235.2015.1131330"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001822"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"GiersingBK VekemansJ NavaS KaslowDC MoorthyV the WHO Product Development for Vaccines Advisory Committee.Report from the World Health Organization's Third Product Development for Vaccines Advisory Committee (PDVAC) Meeting; 2016 Jun 8\u201310; Geneva. 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