{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T22:44:11Z","timestamp":1760309051036,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular risk factor. While community hypertension is well studied, inpatient hypertension remains poorly understood with limited epidemiological data in Australian cohorts. We therefore investigated the prevalence and factors associated with inpatient systolic blood pressure (SBP) elevations, defined as SBP \u2265140\u2009mmHg using Australian data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study on non\u2010cardiac inpatients aged \u226565 admitted to general medical wards at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide (January\u2013April in 2022\u20132024). Blood pressure recordings during hospital stay were extracted from electronic medical records. The primary endpoint was \u226510 SBP readings \u2265140\u2009mmHg, with secondary endpoints being at least one, two or three readings \u2265140\u2009mmHg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 753 eligible patients, 94.2% had at least one, 89.4% two, 85.7% three and 65.2% 10 SBP readings \u2265140\u2009mmHg. Independent factors positively associated with \u226510 elevations included age (years) (OR\u2009=\u20091.022, CI 1.00\u20131.04, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.033), number of comorbidities (OR\u2009=\u20091.203, CI 1.06\u20131.35, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.0026), length of stay (days) (OR\u2009=\u20091.041, CI 1.02\u20131.07, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.002), antihypertensive use prior to admission (OR\u2009=\u20091.95, CI 1.26\u20133.02, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.003) and use of calcium channel blockers (OR\u2009=\u20092.55, 1.53\u20134.25, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001). Whereas beta\u2010blocker use (OR 0.593, CI 0.38\u20130.92, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.020), history of coronary artery disease (OR\u2009=\u20090.59, CI 0.38\u20130.90, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.015), chronic obstructive lung disease (OR\u2009=\u20090.46, CI 0.39\u20130.69, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001) and heart failure (OR\u2009=\u20090.43, CI 0.27\u20130.7, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.001) were negatively associated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides first evidence of the epidemiology of inpatient SBP elevations in Australian inpatients and the associated factors. Further research should determine the clinical significance of these elevations and the impact of blood\u2010pressure\u2010lowering strategies in hospital settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.70145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T12:29:35Z","timestamp":1752064175000},"page":"1670-1676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of inpatient blood pressure elevations in <scp>Australian<\/scp> hospitalised patients and analysis of associated factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Jin Nuo Joan","family":"Tsang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Flinders Medical Centre Southern Adelaide Local Health Network  Adelaide South Australia 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management of elevated blood pressure in the acute care setting: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"81","author":"Bress AP","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.7501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.164194"},{"volume-title":"StatPearls (Internet)","year":"2024","author":"Singh JN","key":"e_1_2_7_20_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"601","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety assessment of beta\u2010blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertensive patients: a prospective study","volume":"11","author":"Solanki N","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc 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