{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:49:04Z","timestamp":1790801344244,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internal Medicine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health challenge in Australia, affecting ~10% of the adult population and contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and CKD frequently co\u2010exist; therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to manage these conditions. Recent advances in pharmacological therapies, particularly for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), can improve clinical outcomes. Current guidelines may not fully address the complexities of CKD management across all levels of care in the Australian context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop simple, practical, evidence\u2010based recommendations to guide healthcare practitioners in improving CKD management across Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multidisciplinary panel of eight healthcare practitioners (nephrologists, cardiologists, endocrinologists and general practitioners) employed an adapted virtual nominal group technique to achieve consensus on CKD management recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The panel developed nine unique recommendations; five achieved consensus, and four were in accordance with GRADE guidance:\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Both urine albumin\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio (uACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) should be assessed regularly in patients at increased CKD risk.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Most patients with CKD can be managed in primary care, with specialist referral when required.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Ensure all cardiometabolic risk factors are assessed and managed proactively.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>For patients with diabetic kidney disease, consider the four pillars of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These multidisciplinary consensus recommendations provide actionable guidance for Australian healthcare practitioners to improve CKD management across all levels of care, addressing the unique needs of the Australian healthcare landscape.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.70403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:03:23Z","timestamp":1773839003000},"page":"966-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Practical recommendations for treating patients with chronic kidney disease in\n                    <scp>Australia<\/scp>\n                    : a multidisciplinary approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"M. P.","family":"Schlaich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dobney Hypertension Centre Medical School, University of Western Australia \u2013 Royal Perth Hospital and RPH Research Foundation  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. P.","family":"Abhayaratna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Psychology The Australian National University  Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Audehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice and Primary Care University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. I.","family":"Ekinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Austin Health  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations (ACADI) University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"MacIsaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations (ACADI) University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne  Fitzroy Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne  Fitzroy Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Platinum Medical Centre  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kolling Institute University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital  St Leonards New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Chronic kidney disease:Australian facts How many people are living with chronic kidney disease in Australia? (Internet). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.2024(cited 2025 Feb 12). 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