{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T18:03:14Z","timestamp":1780596194683,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]],"date-time":"2013-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leukotriene B<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTB<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) is a neutrophil chemotactic molecule with important involvement in the inflammatory responses of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>). Airway epithelium is emerging as a regulator of innate immune responses to a variety of insults including cigarette smoke, the major risk factor for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>. In this study we have explored whether cigarette smoke extracts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSE<\/jats:styled-content>) or soluble mediators present in distal lung fluid samples (mini\u2010bronchoalveolar lavages) from smokers alter the expression of the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTB<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>receptor 2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLT<\/jats:styled-content>2) and peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPAR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1) in bronchial epithelial cells. We also evaluated the effects of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSE<\/jats:styled-content>on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) and on the binding of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STAT<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 promoter as well as the adhesiveness of neutrophils to bronchial epithelial cells.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSE<\/jats:styled-content>and mini\u2010bronchoalveolar lavages from smokers increased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLT<\/jats:styled-content>2 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 expression as well as the adhesiveness of neutrophils to bronchial epithelial cells and decreased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPAR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 expression.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSE<\/jats:styled-content>induced the activation of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STAT<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and its binding to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 promoter. These findings suggest that, in bronchial epithelial cells,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSE<\/jats:styled-content>promote a prevalent induction of pro\u2010inflammatory<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLT<\/jats:styled-content>2 receptors and activate mechanisms leading to increased neutrophil adhesion, a mechanism that contributes to airway neutrophilia and to tissue damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,24]],"date-time":"2013-01-24T14:25:08Z","timestamp":1359037508000},"page":"245-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cigarette smoke increases<scp>BLT<\/scp>2 receptor functions in bronchial epithelial cells:<i>in vitro<\/i>and<i>ex vivo<\/i>evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Pace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena Di","family":"Vincenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreina","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Giarratano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Anestesia Rianimazione e delle'Emergenze Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Scafidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luana","family":"Lipari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze neurologiche Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Valentina Di","family":"Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche Sezione di Otorinolaringoiatria Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serafina","family":"Sciarrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Gjomarkaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.15b09.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.024463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.3.9901091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.99114901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29278-8","article-title":"Effect of peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor \u03b1 activation on leukotriene B4 metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes","volume":"299","author":"Fiedler J","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.10.7292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.6.1523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2010.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.19.5.3091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02631062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2011.43.3.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.661"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2003.02387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2782"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00892.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-7-136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-3278(03)00073-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2008-0445OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.123265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4793-8_34"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"Inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB signaling by fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor\u2010\u03b1 ligand, presents a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Okamoto H","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-91"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-011-9326-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01902140802366261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2004.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2002-0143OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.107.041475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.14.9707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2007.0054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90688-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-115899"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2001.02054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0266OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01907.x"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimm.12077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.12077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T18:24:55Z","timestamp":1745951095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.12077"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.12077"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12077","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-01-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}