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In human T helper cells <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonists induce the production of the anti\u2010inflammatory interleukins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104. We hypothesized that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 is involved in the protective effect of 15d<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGJ<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in inflammation\u2010induced preterm labour in the murine model. We therefore studied the effects of a specific small molecule <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonist on preterm labour and pup survival. An intrauterine injection of lipopolysaccharide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>) was administered to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>1 mice at embryonic day 16, \u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonist\/vehicle controls. Mice were killed at 4.5\u00a0hr to assess fetal wellbeing and to harvest myometrium and pup brain for analysis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB, and T helper type 1\/2 interleukins. To examine the effects of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonist on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced preterm labour, mice were allowed to labour spontaneously. Direct effects of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonist on uterine contractility were examined <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> on contracting myometrial strips. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonist increased fetal survival from 20 to 100% in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated mice, and inhibited circular muscle contractility <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>. However, it augmented <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced labour and significantly increased myometrial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRO<\/jats:styled-content>, interferon\u2010\u03b3 and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1. This suggests that the action of 15d<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGJ<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is not via <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 and therefore small molecule <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRTH<\/jats:styled-content>2 agonists are not likely to be beneficial for the prevention of inflammation\u2010induced preterm labour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T20:12:15Z","timestamp":1359749535000},"page":"352-365","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The <scp>CRTH<\/scp>2 agonist <scp>P<\/scp>yl <scp>A<\/scp> prevents lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced fetal death but induces preterm labour"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Lynne","family":"Sykes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery 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