{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:14:32Z","timestamp":1790705672055,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammation is an essential host defence against infection, but can be damaging when excessive. Resolution of inflammation is an active process, and the pro\u2010resolution effects of lipoxins, resolvins and protectins have received significant interest. Here, we review emerging data on the role of these lipid mediators in infectious disease. Lipoxins influence host control of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>oxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>rypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>lasmodium berghei<\/jats:italic> cerebral malaria in mice. Their effects are protective in toxoplasmosis, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0cruzi<\/jats:italic> infection and cerebral malaria but detrimental in tuberculosis; related to the balance between pathogen\u2010control and excessive immune response. Topical lipoxin abrogates the tissue damage seen in a rabbit model of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>orphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> periodontitis. The increased virulence of H5N1 influenza A virus in mice correlates with reduced expression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOCS<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>, required to mediate the effects of lipoxin. Mice unable to synthesize lipoxin suffer increased lung pathology during respiratory syncytial virus infection. Protectin suppresses influenza A virus replication <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and increases survival in a mouse model of severe influenza infection. Resolvins were investigated in a number of animal models of systemic bacterial infection, and were found to enhance phagocytic clearance of bacteria, reduce inflammation severity, promote neutrophil apoptosis, modulate neutrophil chemotaxis and importantly, reduce mortality. Interestingly, resolvin also enhances the antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Topical resolvin application reduces the severity of herpes simplex virus ocular infection in mice. If the effects of these mediators translate from pre\u2010clinical studies into successful clinical trials, they represent promising new strategies in managing infectious disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,30]],"date-time":"2013-10-30T03:39:59Z","timestamp":1383104399000},"page":"166-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["The role of pro\u2010resolution lipid mediators in infectious disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Clark D.","family":"Russell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Inflammation Research Queen's Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Schwarze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Inflammation Research Queen's Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421806"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.7.4345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05877"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(94)90185-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.3.1848"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.1.496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101665"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00553-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1355"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2010.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/3.2.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.6.1703"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.5243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni745"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061882"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.12.6856"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052533799"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.10.5260"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-219519"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206641109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200810-1601OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200406-730OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10321-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.12.1923"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimm.12206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.12206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T09:20:36Z","timestamp":1696152036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.12206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.12206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12206","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-09-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-10-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-01-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}