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These rapidly respond to antigen or inflammation upon secondary infection. In this study we used <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 T cells from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 mice and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T cells from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>2 mice expressing a fluorescent chimeric granzyme (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom) protein to monitor the primary response to infection with ovalbumin\u2010expressing <jats:italic>L.\u00a0monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content>). We show that, unlike poorly responding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 T cells, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 T cells readily proliferated and expressed high levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom as early as 2\u00a0days after infection. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FACS<\/jats:styled-content> analysis showed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom expression in undivided <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 T cells, with its level increasing over one to four divisions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 T cells were visualized in the T\u2010cell zone by confocal microscopy. This showed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom\u2010containing granules oriented towards <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MHCII<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive cells. Twenty hours later, most <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 T cells had divided but their level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom expression was reduced. Recently divided <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 cells failed to express <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom. Fourteen hours after secondary infection, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom was re\u2010expressed in memory <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 T cells responding either to <jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVA<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:italic>L.\u00a0monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>. Differences in the activation phenotype and in the splenic distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OT<\/jats:styled-content>1 T cells were observed, depending on the challenge. Notably, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OTI<\/jats:styled-content> T cells with polarized granules were only observed after challenge with cognate antigen. This work showed that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom knock\u2010in mice in which <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Tom faithfully reproduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GZMB<\/jats:styled-content> expression, provide useful tools to dissect mechanisms leading to the development of anti\u2010bacterial effector and memory <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 T cells and reactivation of the memory response to cognate antigen or inflammatory signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]],"date-time":"2014-11-03T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1415027147000},"page":"24-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Visualization of granzyme B\u2010expressing <scp>CD<\/scp>8 T cells during primary and secondary immune responses to <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Mouchacca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille\u2010Luminy UM2 Aix\u2010Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille Cedex 9 France"},{"name":"INSERM U1104 Marseille France"},{"name":"CNRS UMR7280 Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lionel","family":"Chasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille\u2010Luminy UM2 Aix\u2010Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille Cedex 9 France"},{"name":"INSERM U1104 Marseille France"},{"name":"CNRS UMR7280 Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Frick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille\u2010Luminy UM2 Aix\u2010Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille Cedex 9 France"},{"name":"INSERM U1104 Marseille 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