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While Treg cells suppress the activity of effector cells, monocyte dysfunction, characterized by an alternatively activated immunoregulatory phenotype, is one hypothesis that explains the lack of an antigen\u2010specific T\u2010cell response in infected individuals. In the present study, we administered neutralizing antibodies against the Treg cell\u2010associated markers CD25 and GITR and observed its effects on filaria\u2010induced immunosuppression. Our results show that administration of anti\u2010CD25 and anti\u2010GITR in infected animals not only arrested the accumulation of Treg cells and reduced arginase activity, but also led to an increase in the percentages of Th17 cells in the secondary lymphoid organs of mice. Elevated levels of interferon\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> and decreased levels of interleukin\u201010 were also noted in the culture supernatants of mouse splenocytes that were treated with neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, treatment with neutralizing antibodies enhanced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase on host macrophages and CD40 on host dendritic cells with concomitant decreased expression of alternative activation markers Arg1, Ym1 and Fizz1, which together lead to reduced parasite burden in treated animals. In summary, administration of neutralizing antibodies helps in breaking the regulatory network in mice and limits parasite\u2010induced immunosuppression at the earliest host\u2013parasite interface.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]],"date-time":"2015-10-26T15:20:45Z","timestamp":1445872845000},"page":"190-203","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Regulatory T\u2010cell neutralization in mice during filariasis helps in parasite clearance by enhancing T helper type 17\u2010mediated pro\u2010inflammatory response"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Manisha","family":"Pathak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Division CSIR\u2010Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 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