{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:28:25Z","timestamp":1790234905828,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005761","name":"Sahlgrenska Akademin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001728","name":"Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001728","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Cancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13\/0411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/0411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["348\u20102014\u20103071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["348\u20102014\u20103071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n There is a current lack of effective mucosal vaccines against major gastroenteric pathogens and particularly against\n Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n , which causes a chronic infection that can lead to peptic ulcers and gastric cancer in a subpopulation of infected individuals. Mucosal\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T\u2010cell responses have been shown to be essential for vaccine\u2010induced protection against\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n infection. The current study addresses the influence of the adjuvant and site of mucosal immunization on early\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T\u2010cell priming to\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n antigens. The vaccine formulation consisted of\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n lysate antigens and mucosal adjuvants, cholera toxin (\n CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) or a detoxified double\u2010mutant heat\u2010labile enterotoxin from\n Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n (dm\n LT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), which were administered by either the sublingual or intragastric route. We report that\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n , adjuvants\n CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and dm\n LT<\/jats:styled-content>\n induce up\u2010regulation of pro\u2010inflammatory gene expression in purified dendritic cells and enhance the\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010specific\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T\u2010cell response including interleukin\u201017A (\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201017A), interferon\u2010\n \u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n (\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n ) and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n (\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n ) secretion.\n In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n , sublingual immunization led to an increased frequency of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201017A\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n +<\/jats:sup>\n and\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n +<\/jats:sup>\n secreting\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cells in the cervical lymph nodes compared with in the mesenteric lymph nodes after intragastric immunization. Subsequently,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201017A\n +<\/jats:sup>\n cells were visualized in the stomach of sublingually immunized and challenged mice. In summary, our results suggest that addition of an adjuvant to the vaccine clearly activated dendritic cells, which in turn, enhanced\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T\u2010cell cytokines\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201017A,\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n and\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n responses, particularly in the cervical lymph nodes after sublingual vaccination.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T08:53:15Z","timestamp":1474966395000},"page":"172-183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Induction of mucosal immune responses against\n Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n infection after sublingual and intragastric route of immunization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"Sj\u00f6kvist Ottsj\u00f6","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frida","family":"Jeverstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Yrlid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander U.","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Walduck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science RMIT University Bundoora Vic. 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