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The present study aimed to evaluate the gene and protein expression of T helper type 1 (Th1)\/Th2\/Th17\/regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factors in peripheral blood lymphocytes from pregnant women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> employing quantitative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and flow cytometry techniques, as well as the cytokine profile produced by these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell subsets in the plasma of pregnant women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>, classified as early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20), late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20) and normotensive pregnant women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20). Results showed a higher percentage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells expressing the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROR<\/jats:styled-content>c transcription factor (Th17) and a lower percentage of cells expressing FoxP3 (Treg) in women with early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> compared with late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> and normotensive groups. A lower gene expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GATA<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103 transcription factor was detected in cells of women with early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> compared with the late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> group. Endogenous plasma levels of interleukin\u20106 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 and tumour necrosis factor\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> were significantly higher in the early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> group than in the late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> and normotensive groups, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 (Th2 profile) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201022 (Th17 profile), were not significantly different between the studied groups. The endogenous levels of transforming growth factor\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 were significantly lower in the pre\u2010eclamptic than in the normotensive groups of the same gestational age, with a significant difference between early\u2010 and late\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>. The results show that in women with PE there is an imbalance between inflammatory and anti\u2010inflammatory profiles in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell subsets, with polarization to Th17 profiles in the early\u2010onset <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>, considered as the severe form of PE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,14]],"date-time":"2017-05-14T12:21:36Z","timestamp":1494764496000},"page":"163-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Association between cytokine profile and transcription factors produced by T\u2010cell subsets in early\u2010 and late\u2010onset pre\u2010eclampsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Vanessa R.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Medical School Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Romao\u2010Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Biosciences Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziela G.","family":"Romagnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Biosciences Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana L.","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Medical School Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila R.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Medical School Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera Therezinha M.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Medical School Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose C.","family":"Peracoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Medical School Botucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Sao Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0936-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria 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