{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:10:12Z","timestamp":1792203012762,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31500733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31500733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mammalian target of rapamycin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTOR<\/jats:styled-content>) is a serine\u2010threonine kinase that has been shown to be essential for the differentiation and function of various immune cells. Earlier <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTOR<\/jats:styled-content> signalling regulates B\u2010cell biology by supporting their activation and proliferation. However, how <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTOR<\/jats:styled-content> signalling temporally regulates <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> germinal centre B (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content>) cell development and differentiation into short\u2010lived plasma cells, long\u2010lived plasma cells and memory cells is still not well understood. In this study, we used a combined conditional\/inducible knock\u2010out system to investigate the temporal regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTOR<\/jats:styled-content> complex 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTORC<\/jats:styled-content>1) in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content> cell response to acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection by deleting Raptor, a main component of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTORC<\/jats:styled-content>1, specifically in B cells in pre\u2010 and late <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content> phase. Early Raptor deficiency strongly inhibited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content> cell proliferation and differentiation and plasma cell differentiation. Nevertheless, late <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content> Raptor deficiency caused only decreases in the size of memory B cells and long\u2010lived plasma cells through poor maintenance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content> cells, but it did not change their differentiation. Collectively, our data revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mTORC<\/jats:styled-content>1 signalling supports <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content> cell responses at both early and late <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content> phases during viral infection but does not regulate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GCB<\/jats:styled-content> cell differentiation into memory B cells and plasma cells at the late GC stage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,30]],"date-time":"2017-05-30T13:52:04Z","timestamp":1496152324000},"page":"276-286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling is essential for germinal centre reaction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Bingshou","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhirong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qizhao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilin","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7423-0712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology PLA Third Military Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-05-287821"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/sqb.1999.64.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387663-8.00005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2004.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2006.00699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-02-137430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(99)00053-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1994.1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"544","article-title":"Inhibition of T and B lymphocyte proliferation by rapamycin","volume":"72","author":"Kay JE","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830201017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201041336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2007.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601761"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI86504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"e02279","article-title":"mTOR promotes anti\u2010viral humoral immunity by differentially regulating CD4 helper T cell and B cell responses","volume":"91","author":"Ye L","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.17936"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.08.017"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimm.12767","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.12767","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T18:06:08Z","timestamp":1696529168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.12767"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.12767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12767","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-05-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-07-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}