{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T13:58:26Z","timestamp":1784642306725,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a pineal gland hormone, melatonin acts through its receptors to modulate the immune system. The immune system is composed of primary and secondary organs, and immune organs are adapted to the presence of the fetal alloantigen during pregnancy. However, it is unclear whether melatonin affects maternal immune organs during early pregnancy in sheep. In this study, the ovine thymus, lymph node, spleen and liver were sampled at day 16 of the oestrous cycle, and at days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnancy. The expression of melatonin receptor 1A (MT1), melatonin receptor 1B (MT2) and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) was detected by quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments. Our results showed that during early pregnancy there was an upregulation of MT1 mRNA and protein in the thymus, lymph node and liver, and there was a downregulation in the spleen. The expression of MT2 mRNA and protein was increased in the thymus but decreased in the spleen and liver, and there was no significant change in the lymph node during early pregnancy. CD4 protein was upregulated in the thymus, lymph node and liver, but there were no significant changes in the spleen during early pregnancy. In conclusion, early pregnancy induces tissue\u2010specific expression of MT1, MT2 and CD4, which may be due to the different functions of the thymus, lymph node, spleen and liver. Further, melatonin is involved in immune regulation of the maternal thymus, lymph node, spleen and liver during early pregnancy in sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T11:41:01Z","timestamp":1581594061000},"page":"52-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Expression of melatonin receptors and CD4 in the ovine thymus, lymph node, spleen and liver during early pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zimo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-0024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr1207279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2011.01850.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2012.02102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/ajava.2014.610.620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802682-3.00010-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.21.12021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016990503061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/om.2011.110077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.1977.tb00909.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"619","article-title":"The response of iliac lymph nodes to the fetal allograft","volume":"119","author":"Mosley JG","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"719","article-title":"Proteome of spleen CD4 lymphocytes in mouse preimplantation pregnancy","volume":"65","author":"Carlomagno G","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2018.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000374068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfx171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-014-1579-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2006.01191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:27:2:119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03627.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"423","article-title":"The modulatory role of melatonin on immune responsiveness","volume":"7","author":"Carrillo\u2010Vico A","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2008.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.075655"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612819666131119105826"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-018-4013-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1996.tb00278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19970111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8493535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0580219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0650141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22954"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0550309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Thymic depletion in pregnancy: kinetics of thymocytes and immunologic capacities of the hosts","volume":"34","author":"Shinomiya N","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(93)90069-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(03)00068-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-3207-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2008.00604.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.6.9194527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-007-6435-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9050245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)62302-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2012.04602.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000054333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Influence of melatonin and its precursor L\u2010tryptophan on Th1 dependent contact hypersensitivity","volume":"58","author":"Majewska M","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1669"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.13101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2015.1020198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2014.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420521003666408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2013.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311428475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/942172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80121-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130645"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fimm.13180","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.13180","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/imm.13180","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.13180","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T10:15:50Z","timestamp":1694081750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.13180"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.13180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.13180","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}