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TNFRp75 deficiency leads to improved control of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>) infection, but the effects of early innate immune events in this process are unclear. We investigated the role of TNFRp75 on cell activation and apoptosis of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils during <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG infection. We found increased microbicidal activity against <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> occurred independently of IFNy and NO generation, and displayed an inverse correlation with alveolar macrophages (AMs) apoptosis. Both <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG induced higher expression of MHC\u2010II in TNFRp75<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> AMs; however, <jats:italic>M bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG infection did not alter AM apoptosis in the absence of TNFRp75. Pulmonary concentrations of CCL2, CCL3 and IL\u20101\u03b2 were increased in TNFRp75<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice during <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG infection, but had no effect on neutrophil responses. Thus, TNFRp75\u2010dependent regulation of mycobacterial replication is virulence dependent and occurs independently of early alveolar macrophage apoptosis and neutrophil responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T07:49:39Z","timestamp":1601970579000},"page":"220-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["TNFRp75\u2010dependent immune regulation of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils during early <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> and <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i> BCG infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Avril","family":"Walters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town  Observatory South 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