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Due to having a unique cationic structure, IL\u201026 exerts diverse functions in several diseases. Since IL\u201026 is mainly secreted from Th17, it is primarily considered a pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine. Upon binding to its receptor complex (IL\u201010R1\/IL\u201020R2), IL\u201026 activates multiple signalling mediators, especially STAT1\/STAT3. In cancer, IL\u201026 induces IL\u201022\u2010producing cells, which consequently decrease cytotoxic T\u2010cell functions and promote tumour growth through activating anti\u2010apoptotic proteins. In hypersensitivity conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis and allergic disease, this cytokine functions primarily as the disease\u2010promoting mediator and might be considered a biomarker for disease prognosis. Although IL\u201026 exerts antimicrobial function in infections such as hepatitis, tuberculosis and leprosy, it has also been shown that IL\u201026\u00a0might be involved in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of sepsis. Besides, the involvement of IL\u201026\u00a0has been confirmed in other conditions, including graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, due to the multifarious function of this cytokine, it is proposed that the underlying mechanism regarding IL\u201026 function should be elucidated. Collectively, it is hoped that the examination of IL\u201026 in several contexts might be promising in predicting disease prognosis and might introduce novel approaches in the treatment of various diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]],"date-time":"2021-10-30T13:12:25Z","timestamp":1635599545000},"page":"44-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A comprehensive review of IL\u201026 to pave a new way for a profound understanding of the pathobiology of cancer, inflammatory diseases and infections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Arezoo","family":"Gowhari Shabgah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Bam University of Medical Sciences  Bam Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee Bam University of Medical Sciences  Bam 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