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We investigated DR expression in human PMN and the ability of DA to affect cell migration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Experiments were performed on cells from HS and from patients (Pts) with bacterial infections as well, during the acute phase and after recovery. Some experiments were also performed in mice knockout (KO) for the <jats:italic>DRD5<\/jats:italic> gene. PMN from HS express both D1\u2010like and D2\u2010like DR, and exposure to DA results in inhibition of activation\u2010induced morphological changes, migration and ROS production which depend on the activation of D1\u2010like DR. In agreement with these findings, DA inhibited migration of PMN obtained from wild\u2010type mice, but not from DRD5KO mice. In Pts with bacterial infections, during the febrile phase D1\u2010like DRD5 on PMN were downregulated and DA failed to affect PMN migration. Both D1\u2010like DRD5 expression and DA\u2010induced inhibition of PMN migration were however restored after recovery. Dopaminergic inhibition of human PMN is a novel mechanism which is likely to play a key role in the regulation of innate immunity. Evidence obtained in Pts with bacterial infections provides novel clues for the therapeutic modulation of PMN during infectious disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T04:59:46Z","timestamp":1658984386000},"page":"508-527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Dopaminergic inhibition of human neutrophils is exerted through D1\u2010like receptors and affected by bacterial infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1837-7810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franca","family":"Marino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology University of Insubria  Varese Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Pinoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for 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