{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:52:33Z","timestamp":1787014353511,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Viral infection poses a significant threat to human health. In addition to the damage caused by viral replication, the immune response it triggers often leads to more serious adverse consequences. After the occurrence of viral infection, in addition to the adverse consequences of infection, chronic infections can also lead to virus\u2010related autoimmune diseases and tumours. At the same time, the immune response triggered by viral infection is complex, and dysregulated immune response may lead to the occurrence of immune pathology and macrophage activation syndrome. In addition, it may cause secondary immune suppression, especially in patients with compromised immune system, which could lead to the occurrence of secondary infections by other pathogens. This can often result in more severe clinical outcomes. Therefore, regarding the treatment of viral infections, restoring the balance of the immune system is crucial in addition to specific antiviral medications. In recent years, scientists have made an interesting finding that low dose IL\u20102 (ld\u2010IL\u20102) could potentially have a crucial function in regulating the immune system and reducing the chances of infection, especially viral infection. Ld\u2010IL\u20102 exerts immune regulatory effects in different types of viral infections by modulating CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T subsets, CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, natural killer cells, and so on. Our review summarised the role of IL\u20102 or IL\u20102 complexes in viral infections. Ld\u2010IL\u20102 may be an effective strategy for enhancing host antiviral immunity and preventing infection from becoming chronic; additionally, the appropriate use of it can help prevent excessive inflammatory response after infection. In the long term, it may reduce the occurrence of infection\u2010related autoimmune diseases and tumours by promoting the restoration of early immune homeostasis. Furthermore, we have also summarised the application of ld\u2010IL\u20102 in the context of autoimmune diseases combined with viral infections; it may be a safe and effective strategy for restoring immune homeostasis without compromising the antiviral immune response. In conclusion, focusing on the role of ld\u2010IL\u20102 in viral infections may provide a new perspective for regulating immune responses following viral infections and improving prognosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T17:59:09Z","timestamp":1700589549000},"page":"324-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["New sights of low dose\n                    <scp>IL<\/scp>\n                    \u20102:\n                    <scp>Restoration<\/scp>\n                    of immune homeostasis for viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"171","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0893-2462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaofei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second department Hamony Long Stomatological Hospital  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruihe","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital\/Children's Hospital Boston, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caihong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"},{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Immunomicroecology  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Sepsis\u2010induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, diagnosis and current treatment options","volume":"9","author":"Liu D","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","first-page":"864","article-title":"Imbalance between Th17 and regulatory T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus combined EBV\/CMV viraemia","volume":"38","author":"Su R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.12.5690"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214229"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102645"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2022.103186"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009858"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00707-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0046-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002569107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00320"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2018.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-016-0311-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd4585"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80702-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250442"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1114981109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00693-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.761382"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000514274"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/238335a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202149528"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202250069"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0221-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2015.1.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00119"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.882589"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-00949-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.819465"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3500-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-015-0552-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.03.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00469"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","first-page":"100","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus\u2010associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with adult onset Still's disease","volume":"23","author":"Amenomori M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2013.28.3.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3843"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11080762"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","article-title":"A flare of systemic lupus erythematosus disease after COVID\u201019 infection: a case of lupus cerebritis","volume":"13","author":"Khalid MZ","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(20)30216-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102597"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rai2.12056"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.587380"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI154886"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01392"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30488-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70096-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13112625"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.181845"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3823"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.03.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03861-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24987-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aba5264"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91674-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00776-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105143"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed6020088"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05257-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1040-8428(02)00112-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3156"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1122927"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205894109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102243"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007989"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000205"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.237149"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1982373"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2016.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.162352399"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-015-0191-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2019-0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201555"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.15.7151-7157.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26398"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095185"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14030646"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16040537"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0565-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05344"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132723"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02245-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0265"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00192"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32836253fd"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy180"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4495"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2426"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-041015-055605"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3837"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaw7636"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050784"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.1.503"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1314"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01647"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.841299"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00435-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-587493"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70113-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.41451"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.159406"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S344393"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac678"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2022.2065145"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TritschSR PorzucekAJ SchwartzAM ProctorAM AmdurR LathamPS et al.Effects of IL2\/anti\u2010IL2 antibody complex on chikungunya virus\u2010induced arthritis in a mouse model. bioRxiv.2023.","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.01.30.526329"}],"container-title":["Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/imm.13719","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:27:00Z","timestamp":1707352020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/imm.13719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/imm.13719"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.13719","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-2805","1365-2567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-2805","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}