{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:48:47Z","timestamp":1790707727240,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutritional zinc (Zn) deficiency could impair immune function and affect bowel conditions. However, the mechanism by which Zn deficiency affects the immune function of gut\u2010associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) remains unclear. We investigated how Zn deficiency affects the function of GALT and level of secretory IgA (sIgA), a key component of the intestinal immune barrier, its underlying mechanisms, and whether Zn deficiency induces bacterial translocation to the liver. As previous research has indicated that interleukin (IL)\u20104 administration or Zn supplementation has a beneficial effect on the spleen of Zn\u2010deficient rats, we investigated whether these supplements reverse the GALT immune system. Five\u2010week\u2010old male rats were fed a standard diet, Zn\u2010deficient diet supplemented with saline or IL\u20104 for 6\u2009weeks, or Zn\u2010deficient diet followed by a standard diet for 4\u2009weeks. Zn deficiency suppressed sIgA secretion in the intestinal tract by affecting GALT function and induced inflammatory responses through bacterial translocation to the liver via the portal vein. Furthermore, IL\u20104 administration and Zn supplementation in rats with Zn deficiency elicited comparable beneficial effects on GALT function, suggesting that the administration of either IL\u20104 or Zn could prevent inflammatory response via bacterial translocation to the liver.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T08:35:27Z","timestamp":1736325327000},"page":"363-373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Zinc Deficiency Reduces Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A and Induces Inflammatory Responses via the Gut\u2010Liver Axis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"174","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2537-2586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takamasa","family":"Kido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5241-5238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Yanagisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8392-1870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Machi","family":"Suka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine The Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1117207108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0495.S3-001"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Inadequate Intake of Zinc Exacerbates Blood Pressure and Renal Function via Superoxide Radical\u2010Induced Oxidative Stress","volume":"26","author":"Yanagisawa H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomedical Research on Trace Elements"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-020-02172-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2006.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Zinc Deficiency\u2010Associated Dermatitis in Infants During a Nationwide Shortage of Injectable Zinc \u2013 Washington, DC, and Houston, Texas, 2012\u20102013","volume":"63","author":"Ruktanonchai D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR. 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