{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T20:15:49Z","timestamp":1787429749685,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long COVID is an emerging condition with an important impact on the quality of life of affected individuals. This study aims to analyse the association between complete vaccination prior to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection and the subsequent development of long COVID, including its symptoms and their frequency through a retrospective case\u2013control study. Cases included participants with long COVID, while controls were participants without long COVID but who had a SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. Data were collected through a self\u2010reported survey. The study demonstrates a significant association between vaccination and a lower incidence of long COVID, adjusted for sex, age, university education, body mass index, physical activity, race, tobacco use, alcohol intake, adherence to Mediterranean diet, previous illness, flu vaccination, health care worker, high\u2010risk COVID worker and sleep hours and sedentarism (OR 0.49, CI 95% 0.28\u20130.87). Furthermore, there is a statistically significant association between vaccination and reduced symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia, myalgia or arthralgia, as well as a lower overall number, adjusted for the aforementioned variables. These findings suggest that the vaccine could be associated not only to a milder course of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection but also with an improvement in the state of long COVID and its symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:11:41Z","timestamp":1739319101000},"page":"67-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of Pre\u2010Infection COVID\u201019 Vaccination on the Incidence and Severity of Long COVID: A Retrospective Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Barado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine University of Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Navarra  Pamplona Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Moreno\u2010Galarraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)  Pamplona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Hospital Universitario de Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fares","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine Hospital Universitario de Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Escriv\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine Hospital Universitario de Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Gabriela","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine University of Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)  Pamplona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8741-7401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Fernandez\u2010Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine University of Navarra  Pamplona Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)  Pamplona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"TRT espa\u00f1ol \u201cCoronavirus \u00faltima situaci\u00f3n \u201dcited May 8 2024 https:\/\/www.trt.net.tr\/espanol\/covid19."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cPost COVID\u201019 Condition (Long COVID) \u201dcited January 12 2024 https:\/\/www\u2010who\u2010int.translate.goog\/europe\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/item\/post\u2010covid\u201019\u2010condition."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u201cPost\u2010COVID Conditions: Information for Healthcare Providers \u201dcited January 12 2024 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