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This study endeavours to explore the role of PD\u20101 in modulating glycolysis during CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell differentiation in HT. The lactate and glucose content in different groups was assessed using lactate and glucose assay kits. The tissue and cellular expression of HK2 and LDHA proteins was examined through Western blot analysis, while Glut1 expression and the ratio of Treg\/Th17 cells were analysed using flow cytometry. The glycolysis levels in the HT group were higher than those in the control group. Additionally, the HTE group exhibited a decreased proportion of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Tregs and an increased proportion of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> TH17 cells compared to the healthy control group. Following the addition of PD\u20101 inhibitors to the activated group, both the glycolysis levels and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell differentiation showed improvement. PD\u20101 can regulate aberrant CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell differentiation by modulating the glycolytic pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T07:40:26Z","timestamp":1749714026000},"page":"132-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<scp>PD<\/scp>\u20101 Regulates the Glycolytic Pathway to Reverse Abnormal <scp>CD4<\/scp><sup>+<\/sup> T Cell Differentiation and Alleviate Hashimoto's Thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Department The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Department The 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